Substance profile
Chloral Hydrate
Chloral Hydrate is colorless or white crystals with an aromatic, penetrating and slightly acrid odor.
01 · Identification
What Chloral Hydrate is
Chloral Hydrate is colorless or white crystals with an aromatic, penetrating and slightly acrid odor. It boils at 97.5 °C, melts at 57 °C, is very soluble in water.
Under the GHS it carries the signal word Danger. It is classed as carcinogens.
02 · Identifiers
Chloral Hydrate identifiers and molecular data
Chloral Hydrate CAS number and EC number
Chloral Hydrate molecular formula and molecular weight
Other names for Chloral Hydrate
- 2,2,2-trichloroethane-1,1-diol
03 · GHS classification
Chloral Hydrate hazard classification
Harmonised classification under CLP Annex VI. This is the legally binding classification in the EU; other jurisdictions may differ.
Chloral Hydrate pictograms and signal word
Chloral Hydrate hazard class and category
| Hazard class | Category | From code | Pictogram |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acute toxicity - oral GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 3 | H301 | GHS06 |
| Skin corrosion/irritation GHS chapter 3.2 | Category 2 | H315 | GHS07 |
| Serious eye damage/eye irritation GHS chapter 3.3 | Category 2A | H319 | GHS07 |
Chloral Hydrate hazard statements (H-codes)
| Code | Hazard statement |
|---|---|
| H301 | Toxic if swallowed. |
| H315 | Causes skin irritation. |
| H319 | Causes serious eye irritation. |
This page lists only the codes assigned to Chloral Hydrate. The full reference lives on the hazard statements hub, the precautionary statements hub and the GHS pictograms hub.
Safety Data Sheet
Getting an SDS for Chloral Hydrate
A Safety Data Sheet is written for a product, not for a substance: the supplier of the grade you actually buy issues it, so two suppliers of Chloral Hydrate issue two different sheets. That is why there is no single authoritative SDS for a substance to download — what there is, is the job of collecting the sheets for the products you hold and keeping them current as suppliers revise them.
04 · Precautionary statements
Chloral Hydrate precautionary statements
CLP Annex VI assigns 13 precautionary statements to Chloral Hydrate. They are grouped the way a label groups them: what to do before handling, what to do when something has already happened, how to store it and how to dispose of it.
Prevention
What to do before and during handling so the hazard never happens.
Response
What to do once exposure, spillage or fire has already happened.
Reading the notation. … is a blank the supplier fills in — not a truncated sentence.· [square brackets] mark a part printed only when it applies.
05 · Names in the regulation
Chloral Hydrate name in 23 EU languages
CLP Annex VI Part 3 is published in every language edition of the regulation, and the identification column is written out in each of them. Nothing below is translated by us: each line is the name as that edition prints it. Under Art. 18(2) the substance name from Annex VI is a lawful product identifier, so this is the wording to put on a label going to that market — and where the cell lists several designations, any one of them qualifies.
| Language | Name in CLP Annex VI Part 3 |
|---|---|
| Bulgarian български | хлоралхидрат 2,2,2-трихлороетан-1,1-диол |
| Spanish español | Hidrato de cloral 2,2,2-tricloroetano-1,1-diol |
| Czech čeština | chloralhydrát trichloracetaldehyd-monohydrát |
| Danish dansk | chloralhydrat: 2,2,2-trichlorethan-1,1-diol |
| German Deutsch | Chloralhydrat 2,2,2-Trichlorethan-1,1-diol |
| Estonian eesti | kloraalhüdraat 2,2,2-trikloroetaan-1,1-diool |
| Greek ελληνικά | ένυδρη χλωράλη 2,2,2-τριχλωροαιθανο-1,1-διόλη |
| English English | chloral hydrate 2,2,2-trichloroethane-1,1-diol |
| French français | chloral, hydrate 2,2,2-trichloroéthane-1,1-diol |
| Croatian hrvatski | kloral-hidrat 2,2,2-trikloretan-1,1-diol |
| Italian italiano | cloralio idrato 2,2,2-tricloroetano-1,1-diolo |
| Latvian latviešu | hlorālhidrāts 2,2,2-trihloretān-1,1-diols |
| Lithuanian lietuvių | chloralhidratas 2,2,2-trichloretan-1,1-diolis |
| Hungarian magyar | klorál-hidrát 2,2,2-triklóretán-1,1-diol |
| Maltese Malti | idrat klorali 2,2,2-trikloroetan-1,1-diol |
| Dutch Nederlands | chloralhydraat 2,2,2-trichloorethaan-1,1-diol |
| Polish polski | hydrat chloralu hydrat trichloroetanaluwodzian chloralu2,2,2-trichloroetano-1,1-diol |
| Portuguese português | hidrato de cloral 2,2,2-tricloro-1-1-etanodiol |
| Romanian română | hidrat de cloral 2,2,2-tricloro-1,1-etandiol |
| Slovak slovenčina | chlorál-hydrát 2,2,2-trichlóretán-1,1-diol |
| Slovenian slovenščina | kloralhidrat 2,2,2-trikloroetan-1,1-diol |
| Finnish suomi | kloraalihydraatti 2,2,2-trikloorietaani-1,1-dioli |
| Swedish svenska | kloralhydrat 2,2,2-trikloretan-1,1-diol |
All 23 language editions of Annex VI carry this entry. Irish is the twenty-fourth official EU language and has no line here for a different reason: no consolidated CLP text has ever been published in Irish, so there is no Irish edition of Annex VI to quote a name from. Source: consolidated CLP, CELEX 02008R1272, language editions. © European Union, https://eur-lex.europa.eu — only the electronic Official Journal of the European Union is authentic.
06 · Label elements
Chloral Hydrate GHS label elements
Everything CLP Annex VI fixes for Chloral Hydrate, laid out the way it appears on a label. The greyed lines are the parts only the supplier can fill in.
Danger
Chloral Hydrate
- Toxic if swallowed.
- Causes skin irritation.
- Causes serious eye irritation.
- Wash … thoroughly after handling.
- Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
- Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/…
- IF SWALLOWED:
- IF ON SKIN:
- IF IN EYES:
- Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…
- Get medical advice/attention.
- Rinse mouth.
- If skin irritation occurs:
- If eye irritation persists:
- Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
- Wash with plenty of water/…
Supplier name, address and telephone number· Product identifier·Nominal quantity
Need this as an actual label? Open Chloral Hydrate in the GHS label constructor →
07 · Health hazards
Chloral Hydrate health hazards and exposure limits
Chloral Hydrate hazard summary
A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant; A CNS depressant; [ICSC] A skin and mucous membrane irritant; May cause eye injury; [HSDB] A skin and eye irritant; [eChemPortal: ERMA; ESIS] An irritant; [MSDSonline] Liver injury reported after lethal doses, but not after therapeutic doses; [INCHEM: CICADS]
Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
Chloral Hydrate carcinogenicity classification
Under the conditions used in this 2-year gavage study, there was some evidence of carcinogenic activity of chloral hydrate in male B6C3F1 mice based on increased incidences of hepatocellular adenoma or carcinoma (combined) in ad libitum-fed mice and on increased incidences of hepatocellular carcinoma in dietary-controlled mice. In the dietary-controlled mice, induction of enzymes associated with peroxisome proliferation was observed at higher doses.
Source: US National Toxicology Program · TR-503: Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Study of Chloral Hydrate (Ad Libitum and Dietary Controlled) (CASRN 302-17-0) in Male B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Study) (2003 )
Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of chloral and chloral hydrate. There is inadequate evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of chloral. There is limited evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of chloral hydrate. Overall evaluation: Chloral and chloral hydrate are not classifiable as to their carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3).
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
An IARC group and a CLP classification answer different questions. IARC judges whether the evidence for cancer in humans is strong enough; CLP Annex VI is the legally binding EU classification. A substance can carry one and not the other.
08 · Physical and chemical properties
Chloral Hydrate properties
Every value is shown with the conditions it was measured under and the source it came from. Where sources disagree, all values are listed rather than one being picked — the difference is usually a different form of the substance, not an error.
Chloral Hydrate boiling point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boiling point | 97.5 °C (207.5 °F) | at 760 mmHg | CAMEO |
| 96 °C (204.8 °F) | decomposes, decomposes | HSDB | |
| 98 °C (208.4 °F) | DrugBank |
Chloral Hydrate melting point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Melting point | 57 °C (134.6 °F) | HSDB | |
| 57.22 °C (135 °F) | CAMEO |
Chloral Hydrate density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | 1.9 g/cm³ | ICSC | |
| 1.9081 g/cm³ | at 20 °C | HSDB |
Chloral Hydrate solubility
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | Freely soluble in acetone, methyl ethyl ketone. Moderately or sparingly soluble in turpentine, petroleum ether, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, toluene. | HSDB | |
| Very soluble in benzene, ethyl ether, and ethanol. | HSDB | ||
| In water, 7.93X10+5 mg/L at 25 °C | at 25 °C | HSDB |
Chloral Hydrate vapor pressure
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor pressure | 15 mmHg | at 25 °C | HSDB |
| 5 mmHg | at 10 °C | CAMEO |
Chloral Hydrate vapor density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor density | 5.1 (air = 1) | HSDB |
Chloral Hydrate corrosivity
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Corrosivity | ... Corrosive to the skin and mucous membrane unless well diluted | HSDB |
Values compiled from PubChem Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary. Temperatures converted to Fahrenheit for reference.
09 · Fire and explosion
Chloral Hydrate fire and explosion behaviour
These are descriptions rather than measured values, so they are kept out of the table above and quoted here with the source that reported them.
Chloral Hydrate fire potential
Combustible when exposed to heat or flame.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
10 · Handling and storage
Chloral Hydrate storage and handling
Chloral Hydrate safe storage
Separated from strong bases and food and feedstuffs.
Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
Chloral Hydrate storage conditions
Chloral hydrate oral solution should be stored in tight, light-resistant containers. Chloral hydrate capsules should be stored at 15-30 °C.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Chloral Hydrate reactivity
CHLORAL HYDRATE is incompatible with alkalis, alkaline earth metals, alkali carbonates and soluble barbiturates. It is decomposed by sodium hydroxide. It reduces ammoniacal silver nitrate. It liquefies when triturated with an equal quantity of menthol, camphor or thymol. (NTP, 1992). Reaction of chloral hydrate with hydroxylamine produces toxic hydrogen cyanide gas, Org. Synth., 1941, Vol. 1, 377.
Source: CAMEO Chemicals
Planning storage for a mix of chemicals? Check Chloral Hydrate in the storage compatibility matrix →
11 · Questions
Chloral Hydrate — frequently asked questions
What is the CAS number of Chloral Hydrate?
The CAS number of Chloral Hydrate is 302-17-0. Its EC number is 206-117-5.
What does a Chloral Hydrate label have to show?
Under CLP Annex VI the label for Chloral Hydrate carries the pictogram Skull and crossbones and the signal word is Danger.
Is Chloral Hydrate flammable?
CLP Annex VI assigns Chloral Hydrate no flammability hazard class. That is not a statement that it cannot burn: the harmonised list only records the hazards that were assessed for it.
Is Chloral Hydrate a carcinogen?
CLP Annex VI records no harmonised carcinogenicity classification for Chloral Hydrate. Annex VI is a list of agreed classifications, not a list of substances found safe, so this is an absence of a classification rather than a clean bill of health. IARC places it in Group 2A: probably carcinogenic to humans.
What is the boiling point of Chloral Hydrate?
The boiling point reported for Chloral Hydrate is 97.5 °C (207.5 °F), at 760 mmHg (CAMEO).
What is the melting point of Chloral Hydrate?
The melting point reported for Chloral Hydrate is 57 °C (134.6 °F) (HSDB).
How should Chloral Hydrate be stored?
Chloral hydrate oral solution should be stored in tight, light-resistant containers. Chloral hydrate capsules should be stored at 15-30 °C. (Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB))
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