Provenance

Reference data from EU CLP Annex VI and published regulations — verify against your supplier's SDS before use.

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Safety data sheet reference · CAS 1336-21-6

Ammonium hydroxide SDS

also: ammonium hydroxide MSDS · safety data sheet · NH4OH · CAS 1336-21-6 · EC 215-647-6 · ammonia solution · aqueous ammonia · ammonia water

Danger Skin Corr. 1 Aquatic Acute 1
Corrosion GHS05 Environmental Hazard GHS09

Official PDF from supplier

This page is a reference, not the legal document.

CAS number

1336-21-6

EC number

215-647-6

CLP Annex VI index

007-001-01-2

Molecular formula

NH4OH

§ 02 · Hazards identification

Ammonium hydroxide harmonised EU classification

CLP Annex VI · Index 007-001-01-2. A supplier SDS may add self-classified hazards — this is the legal minimum.

Concentration / form dependent — CLP Note B

Ammonium hydroxide is placed on the market in different concentrations or forms whose classification can differ. This page shows the harmonised Annex VI entry for the substance as such — always match the supplier's SDS to the concentration and form you actually use.

H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. Skin corrosion — Category 1 (Skin Corr. 1)
H400 Very toxic to aquatic life. Hazardous to aquatic environment, acute — Category 1 (Aquatic Acute 1)

Precautionary statements

P260 Do not breathe dust, fume, gas, mist, vapours or spray.
P273 Avoid release to the environment.
P280 Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection and face protection.
P301 IF SWALLOWED:
P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor.
P331 Do NOT induce vomiting.
P391 Collect spillage.
P501 Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local regulations.

Codes ending in a colon introduce the action that follows — on a label they are printed as combined statements, such as P305+P351+P338.

§ 03 · Composition and identifiers

Ammonium hydroxide structure

Ammonium hydroxide is an ionic compound — there is no discrete NH4OH molecule. The diagram shows the ions the crystal lattice is built from.

Ions of ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH)

Ions of ammonium hydroxide · NH4OH

SMILES [NH4+].[OH-]
InChI InChI=1S/H3N.H2O/h1H3;1H2
InChIKey VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID 14923 →

Identifiers from PubChem (NIH, public domain). Structure diagram drawn with RDKit from the SMILES string.

§ 04 · First-aid measures

Ammonium hydroxide first aid measures

Call your national emergency number first. These are published first-aid measures, not medical advice, and they do not replace emergency services, a poison control centre or the supplier's safety data sheet.

§4–§6 below reproduce the CAMEO Chemicals entry AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE. CAMEO publishes response data per product entry, so the entry can describe a solution, a refrigerated liquid or a molten form rather than the pure substance in §9 — check it matches what you are handling.

Refer to the ERG "General First Aid" instructions. Specific First Aid: For corrosives, in case of contact, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 30 minutes. Additional flushing may be required.

Source: ERG, 2024 — via CAMEO Chemicals (NOAA), public domain.

§ 05 · Fire-fighting measures

Ammonium hydroxide fire fighting measures

ERG 2024 · GUIDE 154 Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)

ERG guidance is written per response guide, not per substance — Guide 154 covers every material assigned to it, so a few sentences reference other UN numbers in the same group.

Fire and explosion hazard

Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Corrosives in contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. For electric vehicles or equipment, ERG Guide 147 (lithium ion or sodium ion batteries) or ERG Guide 138 (sodium batteries) should also be consulted.

Extinguishing media and tactics

SMALL FIREDry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

LARGE FIREDry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKSFight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

Source: ERG, 2024 — via CAMEO Chemicals (NOAA), public domain. Entry: AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE.

§ 06 · Accidental release measures

Ammonium hydroxide spill and leak response

Containment and clean-up

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS.

Initial isolation and evacuation

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASUREIsolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILLIncrease the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIREIf tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Source: ERG, 2024 — via CAMEO Chemicals (NOAA), public domain. Entry: AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE.

§ 07 · Handling and storage

Ammonium hydroxide computed storage compatibility

§ 09 · Physical and chemical properties

Ammonium hydroxide physical properties

The full physical-property table (melting/boiling point, flash point, explosion limits, vapour pressure, density) is being populated for this substance from ECHA registration data and will appear here as it lands.

§ 10 · Stability and reactivity

Reactive group (CAMEO/NOAA): Bases, Weak, Water and Aqueous Solutions. Our database documents 32 incompatible and 41 caution reaction-partner groups for ammonium hydroxide — including which combinations release gas on contact. See the per-partner breakdown with gas release →

32

Incompatible

41

Caution

§ 13 · Disposal considerations

Dispose of waste and residues in accordance with local and national regulations — in the EU under the Waste Framework Directive 2008/98/EC. Never discharge to drains or municipal waste; hand contaminated packaging and unused product to an authorised waste-disposal company. The supplier's SDS section 13 lists the applicable waste codes for the specific product.

§ 14 · Transport information

Ammonium hydroxide road transport — ADR 2025

UN number

UN 2073

Proper shipping name

AMMONIA SOLUTION, relative density less than 0.880 at 15 °C in water, with more than 35 % but not more than 50 % ammonia

Class · PG

2

Classification code

4A

Transport category

3

ADR labels

2.2

Hazard ID (Kemler) / UN plate

20
2073

Top: hazard identification number (Kemler). Bottom: UN number — as carried on the orange plate of the transport unit.

UN number

UN 2672

Proper shipping name

AMMONIA SOLUTION, relative density between 0.880 and 0.957 at 15 °C in water, with more than 10 % but not more than 35 % ammonia

Class · PG

8 · III

Classification code

C5

Transport category

3

ADR labels

8

Hazard ID (Kemler) / UN plate

80
2672

Top: hazard identification number (Kemler). Bottom: UN number — as carried on the orange plate of the transport unit.

UN number

UN 3318

Proper shipping name

AMMONIA SOLUTION, relative density less than 0.880 at 15 °C in water, with more than 50 % ammonia

Class · PG

2

Classification code

4TC

Transport category

1

ADR labels

2.3, 8

Hazard ID (Kemler) / UN plate

268
3318

Top: hazard identification number (Kemler). Bottom: UN number — as carried on the orange plate of the transport unit.

Source: UN ADR 2025 (ECE/TRANS/352), Table A. Road (ADR) only — for sea (IMDG) and air (IATA), consult the supplier's SDS §14.

MSDS vs SDS

Ammonium hydroxide MSDS vs SDS: is there a difference?

MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) is the older name for the same document. In the US, OSHA's Hazard Communication Standard (2012) adopted the GHS-standardised 16-section Safety Data Sheet; in the EU the format is set by REACH Annex II. So a "ammonium hydroxide MSDS" and a "ammonium hydroxide SDS" refer to the same document — today it is issued as an SDS. Full breakdown of the differences →

Other bases in our database

Substance profile

What ammonium hydroxide is

Physical and chemical properties with the conditions each value was measured under, synonyms, formula and the harmonised CLP classification →

Compliance hub

From classification to SDS

The classification above corresponds to Section 2 of a Safety Data Sheet. Learn how a compliant 16-section SDS is structured and authored →

GHS label maker

Build the label for ammonium hydroxide

Pictograms, signal word and H-statements combined into a compliant label layout →

§ 16 · Sources

Reference aid only. This page summarises the harmonised EU classification and computed storage guidance — it is not a Safety Data Sheet and does not replace one. Always verify hazards, handling and storage against the supplier's SDS (sections 7 and 10) and local regulations before use. Page updated 2026-08-11.

Frequently asked questions about ammonium hydroxide

Is an MSDS the same as an SDS?

In practice, yes. MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) is the older name for the same document. In the US, OSHA's Hazard Communication Standard (2012) adopted the GHS-standardised 16-section Safety Data Sheet; in the EU the SDS format is set by REACH Annex II. A document you find labelled "ammonium hydroxide MSDS" is today issued as an SDS.

What GHS pictograms does ammonium hydroxide require?

Under the harmonised EU classification (CLP Annex VI), ammonium hydroxide carries GHS05 and GHS09 with the signal word "Danger". Hazard statements: H314, H400. A supplier's SDS may add self-classified hazards on top of this harmonised minimum.

What should ammonium hydroxide never be stored with?

Based on its storage class (Bases), ammonium hydroxide must not share storage with: Mineral acids; Organic acids; Oxidizing acids; Water-reactives. Verify against the supplier's SDS sections 7 and 10 before finalising storage.

Where can I download an official ammonium hydroxide SDS PDF?

From your own supplier — an SDS is issued per product and supplier, so the correct PDF for an inspection is the one matching the product you actually purchased. The supplier links on this page lead to the official SDS libraries of major distributors.

Emergency mode Ammonium hydroxide

Call emergency services first

112 in the EU · 911 in the US. This screen is published response information, not medical advice, and it does not replace emergency services, a poison centre or the supplier's safety data sheet.

Text below is the CAMEO Chemicals entry AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE — confirm it matches the form in front of you.

01 · First aid

What to do for the person

Refer to the "General First Aid" section. Specific First Aid: For corrosives, in case of contact, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 30 minutes. Additional flushing may be required.

02 · Fire

Extinguishing and tactics

Fire and explosion hazard

Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Corrosives in contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. For electric vehicles or equipment, ERG Guide 147 (lithium ion or sodium ion batteries) or ERG Guide 138 (sodium batteries) should also be consulted.

Extinguishing media and tactics

SMALL FIREDry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

LARGE FIREDry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKSFight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

03 · Spill

Containment, isolation, evacuation

Containment and clean-up

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS.

Initial isolation and evacuation

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASUREIsolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILLIncrease the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIREIf tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Sources: ERG 2024 (PHMSA) · NIOSH Pocket Guide (CDC) · CHRIS (USCG) · NTP · EPA — via CAMEO Chemicals (NOAA), public domain. Text reproduced verbatim.

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