1,4,5,8-tetraaminoanthraquinone

Anthraquinones are toxic by ingestion: vomiting, diarrhea, kidney and liver damage, and coma; Deaths have been reported after children ingested Rhamnus berries; Disperse Blue 1 caused a high incidence of bladder stones and hyperplasia in high-dose feeding studies of mice for 2 years; [HSDB] An irritant; May cause serious eye injury; May cause skin sensitization; [eChemPortal: ESIS] A skin and eye irritant; May cause serious eye injury; May cause skin sensitization; Targets the bladder; [MSDSonline]

Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases

Under the conditions of these feed studies of C.I. Disperse Blue 1, there was clear evidence of carcinogenicity for male and female F344/N rats as shown by the increased occurrence of transitional cell papillomas and carcinomas, of leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas, and of squamous cell papillomas and carcinomas of the urinary bladder. Urinary bladder calculi were observed in the groups of rats in which urinary bladder neoplasms were increased. Positive associations existed between the presence of calculi and transitional cell neoplasms in male and female rats, leiomyomas or leiomyosarcomas (combined) in female rats, and squamous cell neoplasms in male rats. A marginally increased occurrence of pancreatic islet cell adenomas or carcinomas (combined) was observed in male rats exposed to C.I. Disperse Blue 1. There was equivocal evidence of carcinogenicity of C.I. Disperse Blue 1 in male B6C3F1 mice as shown by marginally increased incidences of hepatocellular adenomas or carcinomas (combined) in dosed male mice and a marginally increased occurrence of alveolar/bronchiolar adenomas or carcinomas (combined) in high dose male mice. There was no evidence of carcinogenicity of C.I. Disperse Blue 1 in female B6C3F1 mice.

Source: US National Toxicology Program · TR-299: Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of C.I. Disperse Blue 1 (A commercial dye containing approximately 50% 1,4,5,8-tetraaminoanthraquinone, and 20% water) (CASRN 2475-45-8) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Studies) (1986 )

Evaluation: There is sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of Disperse Blue 1 in experimental animals. No data were available from studies in humans on the carcinogenicity of Disperse Blue 1. Overall evaluation: Disperse Blue 1 is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B).

Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

Disperse Blue 1: reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.

Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

1,4,5,8-tetraaminoanthraquinon… storage conditions

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Storage site should be as close as practical to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for ... expt need to be carried. Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties ...) that bears appropriate label. An inventory ... should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date it was acquired ... Facilities for dispensing ... should be contiguous to storage area. /Chemical Carcinogens/

Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

1,4,5,8-tetraaminoanthraquinon… reactivity

An amine. Amines are chemical bases. They neutralize acids to form salts plus water. These acid-base reactions are exothermic. The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base. Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.

Source: CAMEO Chemicals