Substance profile
Anthraquinone
Anthraquinone is light yellow, slender monoclinic prisms by sublimation in vacuo with an aromatic odor (technical).
01 · Identification
What Anthraquinone is
Anthraquinone is light yellow, slender monoclinic prisms by sublimation in vacuo with an aromatic odor (technical). Its molecular formula is C14H8O2 and its molecular weight is 208.21 g/mol. It boils at 377 °C, melts at 286 °C, is soluble in water.
Under the GHS it carries the signal word Danger.
02 · Identifiers
Anthraquinone identifiers and molecular data
Anthraquinone CAS number and EC number
Anthraquinone molecular formula and molecular weight
03 · GHS classification
Anthraquinone hazard classification
Harmonised classification under CLP Annex VI. This is the legally binding classification in the EU; other jurisdictions may differ.
Anthraquinone pictograms and signal word
Anthraquinone hazard class and category
| Hazard class | Category | From code | Pictogram |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carcinogenicity GHS chapter 3.6 | Category 1A or 1B | H350 | GHS08 |
Where two values are shown with “or”, the hazard statement is shared by more than one category or by more than one class, and the code alone does not say which. H272, for example, belongs to oxidising liquids and to oxidising solids — the physical state decides. The binding answer for a specific entry is in the CLP Annex VI table itself.
Anthraquinone hazard statements (H-codes)
| Code | Hazard statement |
|---|---|
| H350 | May cause cancer <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>. |
This page lists only the codes assigned to Anthraquinone. The full reference lives on the hazard statements hub, the precautionary statements hub and the GHS pictograms hub.
Safety Data Sheet
Getting an SDS for Anthraquinone
A Safety Data Sheet is written for a product, not for a substance: the supplier of the grade you actually buy issues it, so two suppliers of Anthraquinone issue two different sheets. That is why there is no single authoritative SDS for a substance to download — what there is, is the job of collecting the sheets for the products you hold and keeping them current as suppliers revise them.
04 · Precautionary statements
Anthraquinone precautionary statements
CLP Annex VI assigns 4 precautionary statements to Anthraquinone. They are grouped the way a label groups them: what to do before handling, what to do when something has already happened, how to store it and how to dispose of it.
Prevention
What to do before and during handling so the hazard never happens.
Response
What to do once exposure, spillage or fire has already happened.
Reading the notation. … is a blank the supplier fills in — not a truncated sentence.· [square brackets] mark a part printed only when it applies.
05 · Names in the regulation
Anthraquinone name in 23 EU languages
CLP Annex VI Part 3 is published in every language edition of the regulation, and the identification column is written out in each of them. Nothing below is translated by us: each line is the name as that edition prints it. Under Art. 18(2) the substance name from Annex VI is a lawful product identifier, so this is the wording to put on a label going to that market — and where the cell lists several designations, any one of them qualifies.
| Language | Name in CLP Annex VI Part 3 |
|---|---|
| Bulgarian български | антрахинон |
| Spanish español | Antraquinona |
| Czech čeština | anthrachinon |
| Danish dansk | antraquinon |
| German Deutsch | Anthrachinon |
| Estonian eesti | antrakinoon |
| Greek ελληνικά | ανθρακινόνη |
| English English | anthraquinone |
| French français | anthraquinone |
| Croatian hrvatski | antrakinon |
| Italian italiano | antrachinone |
| Latvian latviešu | antrahinons |
| Lithuanian lietuvių | antrachinonas |
| Hungarian magyar | antrakinon |
| Maltese Malti | antrakinon |
| Dutch Nederlands | antrachinon |
| Polish polski | antrachinon |
| Portuguese português | Antraquinona |
| Romanian română | antrachinonă |
| Slovak slovenčina | antrachinón |
| Slovenian slovenščina | antrakinon |
| Finnish suomi | antrakinoni |
| Swedish svenska | antrakinon |
All 23 language editions of Annex VI carry this entry. Irish is the twenty-fourth official EU language and has no line here for a different reason: no consolidated CLP text has ever been published in Irish, so there is no Irish edition of Annex VI to quote a name from. Source: consolidated CLP, CELEX 02008R1272, language editions. © European Union, https://eur-lex.europa.eu — only the electronic Official Journal of the European Union is authentic.
06 · Label elements
Anthraquinone GHS label elements
Everything CLP Annex VI fixes for Anthraquinone, laid out the way it appears on a label. The greyed lines are the parts only the supplier can fill in.
Danger
Anthraquinone
- May cause cancer <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>.
- Obtain special instructions before use.
- Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/…
- IF exposed or concerned:
- Get medical advice/attention.
Supplier name, address and telephone number· Product identifier·Nominal quantity
Need this as an actual label? Open Anthraquinone in the GHS label constructor →
07 · Health hazards
Anthraquinone health hazards and exposure limits
Anthraquinone hazard summary
May cause skin irritation and sensitization; [Merck Index] Toxic by ingestion; Found in certain plants, e.g., Rhamnus berries; A skin irritant; [HSDB] An irritant and possible skin sensitizer; [CAMEO] An irritant; [ICSC] No results for 84-65-1[EC/RN Number] AND dermatitis, allergic contact[mesh]; [PubMed] Allergic dermatitis reported; [RTECS] Antraquuinone, insoluble in water and lipids, is biologically inert. [Ullmann] An irritant; [MSDSonline]
Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
Anthraquinone carcinogenicity classification
Under the conditions of these 2-year feed studies, there was some evidence of carcinogenic activity of anthraquinone in male F344/N rats based on increased incidences of renal tubule adenoma and of transitional epithelial papillomas of the kidney and urinary bladder. Hepatocellular neoplasms may have been related to exposure to anthraquinone. There was clear evidence of carcinogenic activity of anthraquinone in female F344/N rats based on increased incidences of renal tubule neoplasms. Increases in the incidences of urinary bladder transitional epithelial papilloma or carcinoma (combined) and of hepatocellular adenoma in female rats were also related to anthraquinone exposure. There was clear evidence of carcinogenic activity in male and female B6C3F1 mice based on increased incidences of liver neoplasms. Thyroid gland follicular cell neoplasms in male and female mice may have been related to anthraquinone exposure.
Source: US National Toxicology Program · TR-494: Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Anthraquinone (CASRN 84-65-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Studies) (2005 )
An IARC group and a CLP classification answer different questions. IARC judges whether the evidence for cancer in humans is strong enough; CLP Annex VI is the legally binding EU classification. A substance can carry one and not the other.
08 · Physical and chemical properties
Anthraquinone properties
Every value is shown with the conditions it was measured under and the source it came from. Where sources disagree, all values are listed rather than one being picked — the difference is usually a different form of the substance, not an error.
Anthraquinone boiling point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boiling point | 377 °C (710.6 °F) | at 760 mmHg | HSDB |
| 380 °C (716 °F) | ICSC | ||
| 376.9 °C (710.4 °F) | at 760 mmHg | DOE PAC |
Anthraquinone melting point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Melting point | 286 °C (546.8 °F) | HSDB |
Anthraquinone density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | 1.4 g/cm³ | ICSC | |
| 1.438 g/cm³ | at 20 °C | CAMEO | |
| 1.43 g/cm³ | range, midpoint shown, at 20 °C | HSDB |
Anthraquinone solubility
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | SOL IN CONCN SULFURIC ACID | HSDB | |
| Soluble in acetone | HSDB |
Anthraquinone vapor pressure
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor pressure | 1.16e-7 mmHg | at 25 °C | HSDB |
| 1 mmHg | at 190 °C | HSDB |
Anthraquinone flash point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flash point | 185 °C (365 °F) | Closed cup | HSDB |
| 185 °C (365 °F) | CAMEO |
Anthraquinone autoignition temperature
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Autoignition temperature | 650 °C (1202 °F) | HSDB |
Anthraquinone vapor density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor density | 7.16 (air = 1) | HSDB |
Values compiled from PubChem Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary. Temperatures converted to Fahrenheit for reference.
09 · Fire and explosion
Anthraquinone fire and explosion behaviour
These are descriptions rather than measured values, so they are kept out of the table above and quoted here with the source that reported them.
Anthraquinone fire potential
Conbustible when exposed to heat or flame.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Solubility
0.44 g/100 g alc at 25 °C; 2.25 g/100 g boiling alc; 0.11 g/100 g ether at 25 °C; 0.61 g/100 g chloroform at 20 °C; 0.26 g/100 g benzene at 20 °C; 0.30 g/100 g toluene at 25 °C
Source: HSDB
10 · Handling and storage
Anthraquinone storage and handling
Anthraquinone safe storage
Store in an area without drain or sewer access.
Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
Anthraquinone incompatible materials
... Decomposed by hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulphate at pH 4.5 /Anthraquinone-dyes/
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Anthraquinone reactivity
ANTHRAQUINONE is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. (NTP, 1992)
Source: CAMEO Chemicals
Planning storage for a mix of chemicals? Check Anthraquinone in the storage compatibility matrix →
11 · Questions
Anthraquinone — frequently asked questions
What is the CAS number of Anthraquinone?
The CAS number of Anthraquinone is 84-65-1. Its EC number is 201-549-0.
What is the chemical formula of Anthraquinone?
The molecular formula of Anthraquinone is C14H8O2 and its molecular weight is 208.21 g/mol.
What does a Anthraquinone label have to show?
Under CLP Annex VI the label for Anthraquinone carries the pictogram Health hazard and the signal word is Danger.
Is Anthraquinone flammable?
CLP Annex VI assigns Anthraquinone no flammability hazard class. That is not a statement that it cannot burn: the harmonised list only records the hazards that were assessed for it. The flash point reported for it is 185 °C (365 °F), Closed cup (HSDB).
Is Anthraquinone a carcinogen?
Yes. CLP Annex VI classifies Anthraquinone as a category 1A or 1B carcinogen and assigns it H350: may cause cancer. IARC places it in Group 2B: possibly carcinogenic to humans.
What is the boiling point of Anthraquinone?
The boiling point reported for Anthraquinone is 377 °C (710.6 °F), at 760 mmHg (HSDB).
What is the melting point of Anthraquinone?
The melting point reported for Anthraquinone is 286 °C (546.8 °F) (HSDB).
Nearby
Substances next to Anthraquinone
Keep going: substances starting with A, or search the whole database by name, CAS number, pictogram or signal word.