Substance profile
Benzaldehyde
Benzaldehyde is a strongly refractive liquid, becoming yellowish on keeping with a characteristic odor or volatile oil of almond.
01 · Identification
What Benzaldehyde is
Benzaldehyde is a strongly refractive liquid, becoming yellowish on keeping with a characteristic odor or volatile oil of almond. Its molecular formula is C7H6O and its molecular weight is 106.12 g/mol. It boils at 179 °C, melts at -57.1 °C.
Under the GHS it carries the signal word Warning. It is classed as flammable agents - 2nd degree.
02 · Identifiers
Benzaldehyde identifiers and molecular data
Benzaldehyde CAS number and EC number
Benzaldehyde molecular formula and molecular weight
03 · GHS classification
Benzaldehyde hazard classification
Harmonised classification under CLP Annex VI. This is the legally binding classification in the EU; other jurisdictions may differ.
Benzaldehyde pictograms and signal word
Benzaldehyde hazard class and category
| Hazard class | Category | From code | Pictogram |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acute toxicity - oral GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 4 | H302 | GHS07 |
Benzaldehyde hazard statements (H-codes)
| Code | Hazard statement |
|---|---|
| H302 | Harmful if swallowed. |
This page lists only the codes assigned to Benzaldehyde. The full reference lives on the hazard statements hub, the precautionary statements hub and the GHS pictograms hub.
Safety Data Sheet
Getting an SDS for Benzaldehyde
A Safety Data Sheet is written for a product, not for a substance: the supplier of the grade you actually buy issues it, so two suppliers of Benzaldehyde issue two different sheets. That is why there is no single authoritative SDS for a substance to download — what there is, is the job of collecting the sheets for the products you hold and keeping them current as suppliers revise them.
04 · Precautionary statements
Benzaldehyde precautionary statements
CLP Annex VI assigns 4 precautionary statements to Benzaldehyde. They are grouped the way a label groups them: what to do before handling, what to do when something has already happened, how to store it and how to dispose of it.
Prevention
What to do before and during handling so the hazard never happens.
Response
What to do once exposure, spillage or fire has already happened.
Reading the notation. … is a blank the supplier fills in — not a truncated sentence.· [square brackets] mark a part printed only when it applies.
05 · Names in the regulation
Benzaldehyde name in 23 EU languages
CLP Annex VI Part 3 is published in every language edition of the regulation, and the identification column is written out in each of them. Nothing below is translated by us: each line is the name as that edition prints it. Under Art. 18(2) the substance name from Annex VI is a lawful product identifier, so this is the wording to put on a label going to that market — and where the cell lists several designations, any one of them qualifies.
| Language | Name in CLP Annex VI Part 3 |
|---|---|
| Bulgarian български | бензалдехид |
| Spanish español | Benzaldehído |
| Czech čeština | benzaldehyd |
| Danish dansk | benzaldehyd |
| German Deutsch | Benzaldehyd |
| Estonian eesti | bensaldehüüd |
| Greek ελληνικά | βενζαλδεΰδη |
| English English | benzaldehyde |
| French français | benzaldéhyde |
| Croatian hrvatski | benzaldehid |
| Italian italiano | benzaldeide aldeide benzoica |
| Latvian latviešu | benzaldehīds |
| Lithuanian lietuvių | benzaldehidas |
| Hungarian magyar | benzaldehid |
| Maltese Malti | benżaldeid |
| Dutch Nederlands | benzaldehyde |
| Polish polski | benzaldehyd aldehyd benzoesowy |
| Portuguese português | benzaldeído |
| Romanian română | benzaldehidă |
| Slovak slovenčina | benzaldehyd |
| Slovenian slovenščina | benzaldehid |
| Finnish suomi | bentsaldehydi |
| Swedish svenska | bensaldehyd |
All 23 language editions of Annex VI carry this entry. Irish is the twenty-fourth official EU language and has no line here for a different reason: no consolidated CLP text has ever been published in Irish, so there is no Irish edition of Annex VI to quote a name from. Source: consolidated CLP, CELEX 02008R1272, language editions. © European Union, https://eur-lex.europa.eu — only the electronic Official Journal of the European Union is authentic.
06 · Label elements
Benzaldehyde GHS label elements
Everything CLP Annex VI fixes for Benzaldehyde, laid out the way it appears on a label. The greyed lines are the parts only the supplier can fill in.
Warning
Benzaldehyde
- Harmful if swallowed.
- Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
- IF SWALLOWED:
- Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/… if you feel unwell.
- Rinse mouth.
Supplier name, address and telephone number· Product identifier·Nominal quantity
Need this as an actual label? Open Benzaldehyde in the GHS label constructor →
07 · Health hazards
Benzaldehyde health hazards and exposure limits
Benzaldehyde hazard summary
An eye irritant; [ICSC] At a concentration of 2 ppm, there is a strong penetrating odor without marked irritation; [AIHA] Included in list of established contact allergens in humans; [EC: Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety: Fragrance allergens in cosmetic products (2011)] Benzaldehyde can cause contact urticaria. [Kanerva, p. 221]
Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
Benzaldehyde carcinogenicity classification
Under the conditions of these 2-year gavage studies, there was no evidence of carcinogenic activity of benzaldehyde for male or female F344/N rats receiving 200 or 400 mg/kg per day. There was some evidence of carcinogenic activity of benzaldehyde for male or female B6C3F1 mice, as indicated by increased incidences of squamous cell papillomas and hyperplasia of the forestomach. Female rats and male and female mice might have been able to tolerate higher doses.
Source: US National Toxicology Program · TR-378: Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Benzaldehyde (CASRN 100-52-7) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies) (1990 )
An IARC group and a CLP classification answer different questions. IARC judges whether the evidence for cancer in humans is strong enough; CLP Annex VI is the legally binding EU classification. A substance can carry one and not the other.
08 · Physical and chemical properties
Benzaldehyde properties
Every value is shown with the conditions it was measured under and the source it came from. Where sources disagree, all values are listed rather than one being picked — the difference is usually a different form of the substance, not an error.
Benzaldehyde boiling point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boiling point | 178.7 °C (353.7 °F) | HSDB | |
| 178.89 °C (354 °F) | at 760 mmHg | CAMEO | |
| 179 °C (354.2 °F) | ICSC |
Benzaldehyde melting point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Melting point | -57.12 °C (-70.8 °F) | HSDB | |
| -26.11 °C (-15 °F) | CAMEO | ||
| -26 °C (-14.8 °F) | ICSC |
Benzaldehyde density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | 1.05 g/cm³ | ICSC | |
| 1.046 g/cm³ | at 20 °C | CAMEO | |
| 1.041 g/cm³ | at 25 °C | DOE PAC |
Benzaldehyde solubility
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | Miscible with alcohol, ether, fixed and volatile oils | HSDB | |
| Approximately 0.6% wt. at 20 °C | at 20 °C | HSDB | |
| In water, 6950 mg/L at 25 °C | at 25 °C | HSDB |
Benzaldehyde vapor pressure
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor pressure | 1.27 mmHg | at 25 °C | HSDB |
| 0.9976 mmHg | at 26 °C | ICSC | |
| 1 mmHg | at 26.22 °C | CAMEO |
Benzaldehyde flash point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flash point | 62.78 °C (145 °F) | HSDB | |
| 73.9 °C (165 °F) | Open cup | HSDB | |
| 64.44 °C (148 °F) | CAMEO |
Benzaldehyde autoignition temperature
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Autoignition temperature | 191.67 °C (377 °F) | HSDB | |
| 192.22 °C (378 °F) | CAMEO | ||
| 192 °C (377.6 °F) | ICSC |
Benzaldehyde lower explosive limit (LEL)
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lower explosive limit (LEL) | 1.4 % by volume | HSDB | |
| /Benzaldehyde/... can form explosive peroxides under special conditions. | HSDB |
Benzaldehyde vapor density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor density | 3.66 (air = 1) | HSDB | |
| 3.65 (air = 1) | CAMEO | ||
| 3.7 (air = 1) | ICSC |
Benzaldehyde critical temperature and pressure
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Critical temperature and pressure | 421.85 °C (791.3 °F) | HSDB |
Values compiled from PubChem Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary. Temperatures converted to Fahrenheit for reference.
09 · Fire and explosion
Benzaldehyde fire and explosion behaviour
These are descriptions rather than measured values, so they are kept out of the table above and quoted here with the source that reported them.
Benzaldehyde fire potential
Combustible liquid.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
10 · Handling and storage
Benzaldehyde storage and handling
Benzaldehyde peroxide formation
D*: Other compounds that may form peroxides
Source: Lab and Research Safety, University of Minnesota
Benzaldehyde safe storage
Separated from incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Well closed. Ventilation along the floor. Cool. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Keep in the dark.
Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
Benzaldehyde storage conditions
Store under nitrogen. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Air, light, and moisture sensitive.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Benzaldehyde incompatible materials
Incompatible materials: Strong oxidizing agents, strong reducing agents, strong bases, alkali metals, aluminum, iron, phenols, oxygen.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Benzaldehyde reactivity
A nontoxic, combustible liquid, reacts with oxidizing reagents. BENZALDEHYDE must be blanketed with an inert gas at all times since it is oxidized readily by air to benzoic acid [Kirk-Othmer, 3rd ed., Vol. 3, 1978, p. 736]. In contact with strong acids or bases it will undergo an exothermic condensation reaction [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 327]. A violent reaction was observed on contact with peroxyacids (peroxyformic acid) [D'Ans, J. et al., Ber., 1915, 48, p. 1136]. An explosion occurred when pyrrolidine, benzaldehyde, and propionic acid were heated to form porphyrins.
Source: CAMEO Chemicals
Planning storage for a mix of chemicals? Check Benzaldehyde in the storage compatibility matrix →
11 · Transport
Benzaldehyde UN number and transport classification
Transport classification is a separate system from the GHS classification above. It decides how a package is marked and how a load may be carried; it does not follow from the workplace label, and the workplace label does not follow from it. The entries below are linked by CAS number, never by name.
Benzaldehyde under UN 1990 — shipping name, class and packing group
Europe · ADR 2025, Table A
| Proper shipping name (3.1.2) | Class | Classification code | PG | Labels (column 5) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BENZALDEHYDE | 9 | M11 | III | |
Source: ADR 2025, Table A of Chapter 3.2 · ECE/TRANS/352 Vol. I (UNECE). Class 9 is “Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles” (ADR 2.1.1.1).
United States · 49 CFR 172.101 Hazardous Materials Table
| Proper shipping name (column 2) | Class or division | PG | Labels (column 6) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Benzaldehyde | 9 | III | |
Source: 49 CFR 172.101 Hazardous Materials Table · eCFR, revision 2026-08-03. Class 9 is “Miscellaneous hazardous material” (49 CFR 173.2).
12 · Questions
Benzaldehyde — frequently asked questions
What is the CAS number of Benzaldehyde?
The CAS number of Benzaldehyde is 100-52-7. Its EC number is 202-860-4.
What is the chemical formula of Benzaldehyde?
The molecular formula of Benzaldehyde is C7H6O and its molecular weight is 106.12 g/mol.
What does a Benzaldehyde label have to show?
Under CLP Annex VI the label for Benzaldehyde carries the pictogram Exclamation mark and the signal word is Warning.
Is Benzaldehyde flammable?
CLP Annex VI assigns Benzaldehyde no flammability hazard class. That is not a statement that it cannot burn: the harmonised list only records the hazards that were assessed for it. The flash point reported for it is 62.78 °C (145 °F) (HSDB).
Is Benzaldehyde a carcinogen?
CLP Annex VI records no harmonised carcinogenicity classification for Benzaldehyde. Annex VI is a list of agreed classifications, not a list of substances found safe, so this is an absence of a classification rather than a clean bill of health.
What is the boiling point of Benzaldehyde?
The boiling point reported for Benzaldehyde is 178.7 °C (353.7 °F) (HSDB).
What is the melting point of Benzaldehyde?
The melting point reported for Benzaldehyde is -57.12 °C (-70.8 °F) (HSDB).
How should Benzaldehyde be stored?
Store under nitrogen. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Air, light, and moisture sensitive. (Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB))
Nearby
Substances next to Benzaldehyde
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