Provenance

Reference data from EU CLP Annex VI and published regulations — verify against your supplier's SDS before use.

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Substance profile

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether is colorless, clear liq with a PUNGENT odor.

CAS 111-44-4 Danger

01 · Identification

What Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether is

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether is colorless, clear liq with a PUNGENT odor. It boils at 179 °C, melts at -51.9 °C, is miscible with water.

Under the GHS it carries the signal word Danger. It is classed as hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs).

02 · Identifiers

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether identifiers and molecular data

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether CAS number and EC number

CAS number111-44-4
EC number203-870-1
Index number (CLP Annex VI)603-029-00-2

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether molecular formula and molecular weight

Chemical class Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs)

03 · GHS classification

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether hazard classification

Harmonised classification under CLP Annex VI. This is the legally binding classification in the EU; other jurisdictions may differ.

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether pictograms and signal word

Signal wordDanger

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether hazard class and category

GHS hazard classes Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether falls into
Hazard class Category From code Pictogram
Acute toxicity - oral GHS chapter 3.1 Category 1 or 2 H300 GHS06
Acute toxicity - dermal GHS chapter 3.1 Category 1 or 2 H310 GHS06
Acute toxicity - inhalation GHS chapter 3.1 Category 1 or 2 H330 GHS06
Carcinogenicity GHS chapter 3.6 Category 2 H351 GHS08

Where two values are shown with “or”, the hazard statement is shared by more than one category or by more than one class, and the code alone does not say which. H272, for example, belongs to oxidising liquids and to oxidising solids — the physical state decides. The binding answer for a specific entry is in the CLP Annex VI table itself.

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether hazard statements (H-codes)

Hazard statements assigned to Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether
CodeHazard statement
H351 Suspected of causing cancer <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>.
H310 Fatal in contact with skin.
H330 Fatal if inhaled.
H300 Fatal if swallowed.

This page lists only the codes assigned to Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether. The full reference lives on the hazard statements hub, the precautionary statements hub and the GHS pictograms hub.

Safety Data Sheet

Getting an SDS for Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether

A Safety Data Sheet is written for a product, not for a substance: the supplier of the grade you actually buy issues it, so two suppliers of Bis(2-chloroethyl)… issue two different sheets. That is why there is no single authoritative SDS for a substance to download — what there is, is the job of collecting the sheets for the products you hold and keeping them current as suppliers revise them.

04 · Precautionary statements

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether precautionary statements

CLP Annex VI assigns 13 precautionary statements to Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether. They are grouped the way a label groups them: what to do before handling, what to do when something has already happened, how to store it and how to dispose of it.

Reading the notation. is a blank the supplier fills in — not a truncated sentence.· [square brackets] mark a part printed only when it applies.

05 · Names in the regulation

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether name in 23 EU languages

CLP Annex VI Part 3 is published in every language edition of the regulation, and the identification column is written out in each of them. Nothing below is translated by us: each line is the name as that edition prints it. Under Art. 18(2) the substance name from Annex VI is a lawful product identifier, so this is the wording to put on a label going to that market — and where the cell lists several designations, any one of them qualifies.

Language Name in CLP Annex VI Part 3
Bulgarian български бис(2-хлороетилов) етер
Spanish español Éter bis(2-cloroetílico)
Czech čeština bis (2-chlorethyl)ether
Danish dansk bis(2-chlorethyl)ether
German Deutsch Bis(2-chlorethyl)ether 2,2'-Dichlor-diethylether
Estonian eesti bis(2-kloroetüül)eeter
Greek ελληνικά δις(2-χλωροαιθυλ)αιθέρας
English English bis(2-chloroethyl) ether
French français bis(2-chloroéthyl)éther
Croatian hrvatski bis(2-kloretil)-eter
Italian italiano bis(2-cloroetile) etere
Latvian latviešu bis(2-hloretil)ēteris
Lithuanian lietuvių bis(2-chloretil)eteris
Hungarian magyar bisz(2-klóretil)-éter
Maltese Malti eter tal-bis(2-kloroetil)
Dutch Nederlands bis(2-chloorethyl)ether
Polish polski eter bis(2-chloroetylowy) eter 2,2'-dichlorodietylowy
Portuguese português éter bis(2-cloroetílico)
Romanian română bis(2-cloroetil)-eter
Slovak slovenčina bis(2-chlóretyl)éter
Slovenian slovenščina bis(2-kloroetil) eter
Finnish suomi bis(2-kloorietyyli)eetteri
Swedish svenska bis(2-kloretyl)eter

All 23 language editions of Annex VI carry this entry. Irish is the twenty-fourth official EU language and has no line here for a different reason: no consolidated CLP text has ever been published in Irish, so there is no Irish edition of Annex VI to quote a name from. Source: consolidated CLP, CELEX 02008R1272, language editions. © European Union, https://eur-lex.europa.eu — only the electronic Official Journal of the European Union is authentic.

06 · Label elements

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether GHS label elements

Everything CLP Annex VI fixes for Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether, laid out the way it appears on a label. The greyed lines are the parts only the supplier can fill in.

GHS06 Skull and crossbones pictogramGHS08 Health hazard pictogram

Danger

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether

  • Suspected of causing cancer <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>.
  • Fatal in contact with skin.
  • Fatal if inhaled.
  • Fatal if swallowed.
  • Obtain special instructions before use.
  • Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
  • Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
  • Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
  • Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/
  • IF SWALLOWED:
  • IF ON SKIN:
  • IF INHALED:
  • IF exposed or concerned:
  • Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/
  • Get medical advice/attention.
  • Rinse mouth.
  • Wash with plenty of water/

Supplier name, address and telephone number· Product identifier·Nominal quantity

Need this as an actual label? Open Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether in the GHS label constructor →

07 · Health hazards

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether health hazards and exposure limits

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether hazard summary

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether is a colorless, nonflammable liquid with a strong unpleasant odor. It dissolves easily in water, and some of it will slowly evaporate to the air. It does not occur naturally. Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether is made in factories, and most of it is used to make pesticides. Some of it is used as a solvent, cleaner, component of paint and varnish, rust inhibitor, or as a chemical intermediate to make other chemicals.

Source: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR)

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether carcinogenicity classification

IARC classification Group 3 — Not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans
IARC monographs Volume 9: (1975) Some Aziridines, N-, S- and O-Mustards and Selenium; Volume 71: (1999) Re-evaluation of Some Organic Chemicals, Hydrazine and Hydrogen Peroxide (Part 1, Part 2, Part 3)

Cancer Classification: Group B2 Probable Human Carcinogen

Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

CLASSIFICATION: B2; probable human carcinogen. BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION: Positive carcinogenicity results in two strains of mice and evidence of mutagenicity. HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA: None.

Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

An IARC group and a CLP classification answer different questions. IARC judges whether the evidence for cancer in humans is strong enough; CLP Annex VI is the legally binding EU classification. A substance can carry one and not the other.

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether occupational exposure limits

US occupational exposure limits reported for Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether. PEL is enforceable (OSHA), REL is a recommendation (NIOSH), IDLH is the concentration at which escape becomes impossible without injury.
Limit Value Source
PEL 15 ppm (90 mg/m³) Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
PEL TWA 15 ppm (90 mg/m3) [skin] See Appendix G The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
REL 5 ppm (30 mg/m³) Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
REL 10 ppm (60 mg/m³) Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
REL Ca TWA 5 ppm (30 mg/m3) ST 10 ppm (60 mg/m3) [skin] See Appendix A The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
IDLH 100 ppm ; A potential occupational carcinogen. (NIOSH, 2024) CAMEO Chemicals
IDLH 100.0 [ppm] Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
IDLH NIOSH considers dichloroethyl ether to be a potential occupational carcinogen. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

These are United States values. The European Union sets its own indicative and binding limits, and the figure that applies at a given workplace is the one in the local regulation — not the one shown here.

08 · Physical and chemical properties

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether properties

Every value is shown with the conditions it was measured under and the source it came from. Where sources disagree, all values are listed rather than one being picked — the difference is usually a different form of the substance, not an error.

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether boiling point

Property Value Conditions Source
Boiling point 178.5 °C (353.3 °F) HSDB
177.78 °C (352 °F) NIOSH
177.78 °C (352 °F) at 760 mmHg CAMEO

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether melting point

Property Value Conditions Source
Melting point -51.9 °C (-61.4 °F) HSDB
-50 °C (-58 °F) NIOSH

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether density

Property Value Conditions Source
Density 1.22 g/cm³ NIOSH
1.22 g/cm³ at 20 °C HSDB

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether solubility

Property Value Conditions Source
Solubility MISCIBLE WITH AROMATIC BUT NOT PARAFFIN HYDROCARBONS HSDB
SOL IN ALC, ETHER, ACETONE, BENZENE HSDB
1.1 wt% water @ 20 °C at 20 °C HSDB

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether vapor pressure

Property Value Conditions Source
Vapor pressure 0.7 mmHg NIOSH
0.7 mmHg at 20 °C CAMEO
1.55 mmHg at 25 °C HSDB

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether flash point

Property Value Conditions Source
Flash point 63 °C (145.4 °F) CLOSED CUP HSDB
55 °C (131 °F) NIOSH

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether autoignition temperature

Property Value Conditions Source
Autoignition temperature 369 °C (696.2 °F) HSDB
368.89 °C (696 °F) CAMEO

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether lower explosive limit (LEL)

Property Value Conditions Source
Lower explosive limit (LEL) 2.7 % by volume NIOSH

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether vapor density

Property Value Conditions Source
Vapor density 4.93 (air = 1) HSDB
4.9 (air = 1) ICSC

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether odor threshold

Property Value Conditions Source
Odor threshold Odor detection in water= 3.60x10+2 ppm, purity not specified. HSDB
Low= 90 mg/cu m; High= 2,160 mg/cu m. From table HSDB
Odor Threshold Low: 0.04 [ppm] Haz-Map

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether corrosivity

Property Value Conditions Source
Corrosivity NOT VERY CORROSIVE TO IRON, MILD STEEL, OR ALUMINUM. HSDB

Values compiled from PubChem Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary. Temperatures converted to Fahrenheit for reference.

09 · Fire and explosion

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether fire and explosion behaviour

These are descriptions rather than measured values, so they are kept out of the table above and quoted here with the source that reported them.

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether fire potential

FLAMMABLE LIQUID WHEN EXPOSED TO HEAT, FLAME, OR OXIDANTS.

Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

10 · Handling and storage

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether storage and handling

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether peroxide formation

D: Other compounds that may form peroxides

Source: Lab and Research Safety, University of Minnesota

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether safe storage

Fireproof. Separated from food and feedstuffs. See Chemical Dangers. Keep in the dark. Well closed.

Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether storage conditions

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Store away form heat, oxidizing materials, strong acids, & sunlight.

Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether incompatible materials

... IT DECOMPOSES IN PRESENCE OF MOISTURE TO FORM HYDROCHLORIC ACID.

Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether reactivity

2,2'-DICHLORODIETHYL ETHER may form phosgene or hydrogen when heated to high temperature. Oxidizes readily in air to form unstable peroxides that may explode spontaneously [Bretherick, 1979 p.151-154]. Mixing in equal molar portions with the following substances in a closed container caused the temperature and pressure to increase: chlorosulfonic acid and oleum [NFPA 1991].

Source: CAMEO Chemicals

Planning storage for a mix of chemicals? Check Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether in the storage compatibility matrix →

11 · Questions

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether — frequently asked questions

What is the CAS number of Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether?

The CAS number of Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether is 111-44-4. Its EC number is 203-870-1.

What does a Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether label have to show?

Under CLP Annex VI the label for Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether carries the pictograms Skull and crossbones and Health hazard and the signal word is Danger.

Is Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether flammable?

CLP Annex VI assigns Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether no flammability hazard class. That is not a statement that it cannot burn: the harmonised list only records the hazards that were assessed for it. The flash point reported for it is 63 °C (145.4 °F), CLOSED CUP (HSDB).

Is Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether a carcinogen?

CLP Annex VI assigns Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether H351 — suspected of causing cancer. That is category 2: the evidence points that way but is not conclusive. IARC places it in Group 3: not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans.

What is the exposure limit for Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether?

The US occupational exposure limit reported for Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether is 15 ppm (90 mg/m³) (Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)). Limits differ by country: the EU sets its own indicative and binding values, and the figure that applies at a given workplace is the one in the local regulation.

What is the boiling point of Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether?

The boiling point reported for Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether is 178.5 °C (353.3 °F) (HSDB).

What is the melting point of Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether?

The melting point reported for Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether is -51.9 °C (-61.4 °F) (HSDB).

How should Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether be stored?

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Store away form heat, oxidizing materials, strong acids, & sunlight. (Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB))

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