Substance profile
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
1,1,2-Trichloroethane is a clear, colorless liquid with a pleasant odor.
01 · Identification
What 1,1,2-Trichloroethane is
1,1,2-Trichloroethane is a clear, colorless liquid with a pleasant odor. Its molecular formula is C2H3Cl3 and its molecular weight is 133.4 g/mol. It boils at 114 °C, melts at -35 °C, is miscible with water.
Under the GHS it carries the signal word Warning. It is classed as hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs).
02 · Identifiers
1,1,2-Trichloroethane identifiers and molecular data
1,1,2-Trichloroethane CAS number and EC number
1,1,2-Trichloroethane molecular formula and molecular weight
03 · GHS classification
1,1,2-Trichloroethane hazard classification
Harmonised classification under CLP Annex VI. This is the legally binding classification in the EU; other jurisdictions may differ.
1,1,2-Trichloroethane pictograms and signal word
1,1,2-Trichloroethane hazard class and category
| Hazard class | Category | From code | Pictogram |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acute toxicity - oral GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 4 | H302 | GHS07 |
| Acute toxicity - dermal GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 4 | H312 | GHS07 |
| Acute toxicity - inhalation GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 4 | H332 | GHS07 |
| Carcinogenicity GHS chapter 3.6 | Category 2 | H351 | GHS08 |
1,1,2-Trichloroethane hazard statements (H-codes)
| Code | Hazard statement |
|---|---|
| H351 | Suspected of causing cancer <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>. |
| H332 | Harmful if inhaled. |
| H312 | Harmful in contact with skin. |
| H302 | Harmful if swallowed. |
1,1,2-Trichloroethane supplemental EU statements (EUH)
| Code | Statement |
|---|---|
| EUH066 | Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking. |
This page lists only the codes assigned to 1,1,2-Trichloroethane. The full reference lives on the hazard statements hub, the precautionary statements hub and the GHS pictograms hub.
Safety Data Sheet
Getting an SDS for 1,1,2-Trichloroethane
A Safety Data Sheet is written for a product, not for a substance: the supplier of the grade you actually buy issues it, so two suppliers of 1,1,2-Trichloroethane issue two different sheets. That is why there is no single authoritative SDS for a substance to download — what there is, is the job of collecting the sheets for the products you hold and keeping them current as suppliers revise them.
04 · Precautionary statements
1,1,2-Trichloroethane precautionary statements
CLP Annex VI assigns 13 precautionary statements to 1,1,2-Trichloroethane. They are grouped the way a label groups them: what to do before handling, what to do when something has already happened, how to store it and how to dispose of it.
Prevention
What to do before and during handling so the hazard never happens.
Response
What to do once exposure, spillage or fire has already happened.
Reading the notation. … is a blank the supplier fills in — not a truncated sentence.· [square brackets] mark a part printed only when it applies.
05 · Names in the regulation
1,1,2-Trichloroethane name in 23 EU languages
CLP Annex VI Part 3 is published in every language edition of the regulation, and the identification column is written out in each of them. Nothing below is translated by us: each line is the name as that edition prints it. Under Art. 18(2) the substance name from Annex VI is a lawful product identifier, so this is the wording to put on a label going to that market — and where the cell lists several designations, any one of them qualifies.
| Language | Name in CLP Annex VI Part 3 |
|---|---|
| Bulgarian български | 1,1,2-трихлороетан |
| Spanish español | 1,1,2-Tricloroetano |
| Czech čeština | 1,1,2-trichlorethan |
| Danish dansk | 1,1,2-trichlorethan |
| German Deutsch | 1,1,2-Trichlorethan |
| Estonian eesti | 1,1,2-trikloroetaan |
| Greek ελληνικά | 1,1,2-τριχλωροαιθάνιο |
| English English | 1,1,2-trichloroethane |
| French français | 1,1,2-trichloroéthane |
| Croatian hrvatski | 1,1,2-trikloretan |
| Italian italiano | 1,1,2-tricloroetano |
| Latvian latviešu | 1,1,2-trihloretāns |
| Lithuanian lietuvių | 1,1,2-trichloretanas |
| Hungarian magyar | 1,1,2-triklór-etán |
| Maltese Malti | 1,1,2-trikloroetan |
| Dutch Nederlands | 1,1,2-trichloorethaan |
| Polish polski | 1,1,2-trichloroetan |
| Portuguese português | 1,1,2-tricloroetano |
| Romanian română | 1,1,2-tricloroetan |
| Slovak slovenčina | 1,1,2-trichlóretán |
| Slovenian slovenščina | 1,1,2-trikloroetan |
| Finnish suomi | 1,1,2-trikloorietaani |
| Swedish svenska | 1,1,2-trikloretan |
All 23 language editions of Annex VI carry this entry. Irish is the twenty-fourth official EU language and has no line here for a different reason: no consolidated CLP text has ever been published in Irish, so there is no Irish edition of Annex VI to quote a name from. Source: consolidated CLP, CELEX 02008R1272, language editions. © European Union, https://eur-lex.europa.eu — only the electronic Official Journal of the European Union is authentic.
06 · Label elements
1,1,2-Trichloroethane GHS label elements
Everything CLP Annex VI fixes for 1,1,2-Trichloroethane, laid out the way it appears on a label. The greyed lines are the parts only the supplier can fill in.
Warning
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
- Suspected of causing cancer <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>.
- Harmful if inhaled.
- Harmful in contact with skin.
- Harmful if swallowed.
- Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.
- Obtain special instructions before use.
- Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
- Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
- Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
- Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/…
- IF SWALLOWED:
- IF ON SKIN:
- IF INHALED:
- IF exposed or concerned:
- Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/… if you feel unwell.
- Get medical advice/attention.
- Rinse mouth.
- Wash with plenty of water/…
Supplier name, address and telephone number· Product identifier·Nominal quantity
Need this as an actual label? Open 1,1,2-Trichloroethane in the GHS label constructor →
07 · Health hazards
1,1,2-Trichloroethane health hazards and exposure limits
1,1,2-Trichloroethane hazard summary
1,1,2-Trichloroethane is a colorless, sweet-smelling liquid. It does not burn easily, can be dissolved in water, and evaporates easily. It is used as a solvent (a chemical that dissolves other substances) and as an intermediate in the production of the chemical, 1,1-dichloroethane. 1,1,2-Trichloroethane is sometimes present as an impurity in other chemicals, and it may be formed when another chemical breaks down in the environment under conditions where there is no air.
Source: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR)
1,1,2-Trichloroethane carcinogenicity classification
Under the conditions of this bioassay 1,1,2-trichloroethane is carcinogenic in B6C3F1 mice, causing hepatocellular carcinomas and adrenal pheochromocytomas.
Source: US National Toxicology Program · TR-074: Bioassay of 1,1,2-Trichloroethane for Possible Carcinogenicity (CASRN 79-00-5) (1978 )
Evaluation: No epidemiological data relevant to the carcinogenicity of 1,1,2-trichloroethane were available. There is limited evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of 1,1,2-trichloroethane. Overall evaluation: 1,1,2-Trichloroethane is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity in humans (Group 3).
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Cancer Classification: Group C Possible Human Carcinogen
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
An IARC group and a CLP classification answer different questions. IARC judges whether the evidence for cancer in humans is strong enough; CLP Annex VI is the legally binding EU classification. A substance can carry one and not the other.
1,1,2-Trichloroethane occupational exposure limits
| Limit | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| PEL | 10.0 [ppm] | Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases |
| PEL | 10 ppm (45 mg/m³) | Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) |
| PEL | TWA 10 ppm (45 mg/m3) [skin] | The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) |
| REL | 10 ppm (45 mg/m³) | Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) |
| REL | Ca TWA 10 ppm (45 mg/m3) [skin] See Appendix ASee Appendix C (Chloroethanes) | The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) |
| IDLH | 100 ppm ; A potential occupational carcinogen. (NIOSH, 2024) | CAMEO Chemicals |
| IDLH | 100.0 [ppm] | Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases |
| IDLH | 100 ppm; NIOSH considers 1,1,2-trichloroethane to be a potential occupational carcinogen. | Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) |
These are United States values. The European Union sets its own indicative and binding limits, and the figure that applies at a given workplace is the one in the local regulation — not the one shown here.
08 · Physical and chemical properties
1,1,2-Trichloroethane properties
Every value is shown with the conditions it was measured under and the source it came from. Where sources disagree, all values are listed rather than one being picked — the difference is usually a different form of the substance, not an error.
1,1,2-Trichloroethane boiling point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boiling point | 113.89 °C (237 °F) | NIOSH | |
| 112.78 °C (235 °F) | at 760 mmHg | CAMEO | |
| 114 °C (237.2 °F) | ICSC |
1,1,2-Trichloroethane melting point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Melting point | -35 °C (-31 °F) | HSDB | |
| -36.67 °C (-34 °F) | NIOSH | ||
| -37.22 °C (-35 °F) | CAMEO |
1,1,2-Trichloroethane density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | 1.44 g/cm³ | NIOSH | |
| 1.4416 g/cm³ | at 20 °C | HSDB | |
| 1.44 g/cm³ | at 20 °C | CAMEO |
1,1,2-Trichloroethane solubility
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | Miscible with alcohol, ethers and many organic liquids | HSDB | |
| ... Soluble in water (4.50 g/L at 20 °C) | at 20 °C | HSDB | |
| In water, 4,590 mg/L at 25 °C | at 25 °C | HSDB |
1,1,2-Trichloroethane vapor pressure
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor pressure | 19 mmHg | NIOSH | |
| 16.7 mmHg | at 20 °C | CAMEO | |
| 23 mmHg | at 25 °C | HSDB |
1,1,2-Trichloroethane lower explosive limit (LEL)
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lower explosive limit (LEL) | 6 % by volume | HSDB |
1,1,2-Trichloroethane upper explosive limit (UEL)
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Upper explosive limit (UEL) | 15.5 % by volume | HSDB |
1,1,2-Trichloroethane vapor density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor density | 4.63 (air = 1) | CAMEO | |
| 4.6 (air = 1) | ICSC |
1,1,2-Trichloroethane odor threshold
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Odor threshold | It is reported to have an odor similar to chloroform, no quantitative data were found concerning odor or warning properties. | HSDB | |
| Odor Threshold Low: 0.5 [ppm] | Haz-Map | ||
| Odor Threshold High: 167.0 [ppm] | Haz-Map |
1,1,2-Trichloroethane corrosivity
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Corrosivity | Uninhibited 1,1,2-trichloroethane is corrosive to aluminum, iron, and zinc at reflux temperatures. | HSDB | |
| 1,1,2-Trichloroethane is highly corrosive to aluminum, iron, and zinc. Addition of water increses the rate of corrosion. | HSDB |
Values compiled from PubChem Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary. Temperatures converted to Fahrenheit for reference.
09 · Fire and explosion
1,1,2-Trichloroethane fire and explosion behaviour
These are descriptions rather than measured values, so they are kept out of the table above and quoted here with the source that reported them.
1,1,2-Trichloroethane fire potential
Nonflammable /liquid/
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
10 · Handling and storage
1,1,2-Trichloroethane storage and handling
1,1,2-Trichloroethane safe storage
Separated from strong oxidants, strong bases and metals. Well closed. Ventilation along the floor. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.
Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
1,1,2-Trichloroethane storage conditions
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Separate from oxidizing materials, aluminum, ammonia.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
1,1,2-Trichloroethane incompatible materials
Although apparently stable on contact, mixtures of potassium (or its alloys) with wide range of halocarbons are shock-sensitive and may explode with great violence on light impact. ... Trichloroethane ... /was/ among those investigated.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
1,1,2-Trichloroethane reactivity
1,1,2-TRICHLOROETHANE is sensitive to light and heat. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and strong bases. Reacts violently with sodium, potassium, magnesium, and aluminum. Attacks some plastics, rubber and coatings. (NTP, 1992)
Source: CAMEO Chemicals
Planning storage for a mix of chemicals? Check 1,1,2-Trichloroethane in the storage compatibility matrix →
11 · Questions
1,1,2-Trichloroethane — frequently asked questions
What is the CAS number of 1,1,2-Trichloroethane?
The CAS number of 1,1,2-Trichloroethane is 79-00-5. Its EC number is 201-166-9.
What is the chemical formula of 1,1,2-Trichloroethane?
The molecular formula of 1,1,2-Trichloroethane is C2H3Cl3 and its molecular weight is 133.4 g/mol.
What does a 1,1,2-Trichloroethane label have to show?
Under CLP Annex VI the label for 1,1,2-Trichloroethane carries the pictograms Health hazard and Exclamation mark and the signal word is Warning.
Is 1,1,2-Trichloroethane flammable?
CLP Annex VI assigns 1,1,2-Trichloroethane no flammability hazard class. That is not a statement that it cannot burn: the harmonised list only records the hazards that were assessed for it.
Is 1,1,2-Trichloroethane a carcinogen?
CLP Annex VI assigns 1,1,2-Trichloroethane H351 — suspected of causing cancer. That is category 2: the evidence points that way but is not conclusive. IARC places it in Group 3: not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans.
What is the exposure limit for 1,1,2-Trichloroethane?
The US occupational exposure limit reported for 1,1,2-Trichloroethane is 10.0 [ppm] (Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases). Limits differ by country: the EU sets its own indicative and binding values, and the figure that applies at a given workplace is the one in the local regulation.
What is the boiling point of 1,1,2-Trichloroethane?
The boiling point reported for 1,1,2-Trichloroethane is 113.89 °C (237 °F) (NIOSH).
What is the melting point of 1,1,2-Trichloroethane?
The melting point reported for 1,1,2-Trichloroethane is -35 °C (-31 °F) (HSDB).
How should 1,1,2-Trichloroethane be stored?
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Separate from oxidizing materials, aluminum, ammonia. (Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB))
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