Substance profile
2-methylpropan-1-ol
2-methylpropan-1-ol is colorless, oily liquid with a sweet, musty odor.
01 · Identification
What 2-methylpropan-1-ol is
2-methylpropan-1-ol is colorless, oily liquid with a sweet, musty odor. Its molecular formula is C4H10O and its molecular weight is 74.12 g/mol. It boils at 108 °C, melts at -108 °C.
Under the GHS it carries the signal word Danger. It is classed as flammable agents - 3rd degree.
02 · Identifiers
2-methylpropan-1-ol identifiers and molecular data
2-methylpropan-1-ol CAS number and EC number
2-methylpropan-1-ol molecular formula and molecular weight
Other names for 2-methylpropan-1-ol
- iso-butanol
03 · GHS classification
2-methylpropan-1-ol hazard classification
Harmonised classification under CLP Annex VI. This is the legally binding classification in the EU; other jurisdictions may differ.
2-methylpropan-1-ol pictograms and signal word
2-methylpropan-1-ol hazard class and category
| Hazard class | Category | From code | Pictogram |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flammable liquids GHS chapter 2.6 | Category 3 | H226 | GHS02 |
| Skin corrosion/irritation GHS chapter 3.2 | Category 2 | H315 | GHS07 |
| Serious eye damage/eye irritation GHS chapter 3.3 | Category 1 | H318 | GHS05 |
| Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure GHS chapter 3.8 | Category 3 | H335 | GHS07 |
| Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure GHS chapter 3.8 | Category 3 narcotic | H336 | GHS07 |
2-methylpropan-1-ol hazard statements (H-codes)
| Code | Hazard statement |
|---|---|
| H226 | Flammable liquid and vapour. |
| H335 | May cause respiratory irritation. |
| H336 | May cause drowsiness or dizziness. |
| H315 | Causes skin irritation. |
| H318 | Causes serious eye damage. |
This page lists only the codes assigned to 2-methylpropan-1-ol. The full reference lives on the hazard statements hub, the precautionary statements hub and the GHS pictograms hub.
Safety Data Sheet
Getting an SDS for 2-methylpropan-1-ol
A Safety Data Sheet is written for a product, not for a substance: the supplier of the grade you actually buy issues it, so two suppliers of 2-methylpropan-1-ol issue two different sheets. That is why there is no single authoritative SDS for a substance to download — what there is, is the job of collecting the sheets for the products you hold and keeping them current as suppliers revise them.
04 · Precautionary statements
2-methylpropan-1-ol precautionary statements
CLP Annex VI assigns 14 precautionary statements to 2-methylpropan-1-ol. They are grouped the way a label groups them: what to do before handling, what to do when something has already happened, how to store it and how to dispose of it.
Prevention
What to do before and during handling so the hazard never happens.
Response
What to do once exposure, spillage or fire has already happened.
Reading the notation. … is a blank the supplier fills in — not a truncated sentence.· [square brackets] mark a part printed only when it applies.
05 · Names in the regulation
2-methylpropan-1-ol name in 23 EU languages
CLP Annex VI Part 3 is published in every language edition of the regulation, and the identification column is written out in each of them. Nothing below is translated by us: each line is the name as that edition prints it. Under Art. 18(2) the substance name from Annex VI is a lawful product identifier, so this is the wording to put on a label going to that market — and where the cell lists several designations, any one of them qualifies.
| Language | Name in CLP Annex VI Part 3 |
|---|---|
| Bulgarian български | 2-метилпропан-1-ол изобутанол |
| Spanish español | 2-Metilpropan-1-ol iso-butanol |
| Czech čeština | 2-methylpropan-1-ol isobutyl-alkohol |
| Danish dansk | 2-methylpropan-1-ol isobutanol |
| German Deutsch | 2-Methyl-1-propanol IsobutanolIsobutylalkohol2-Methylpropanol-1 |
| Estonian eesti | 2-metüülpropaan-1-ool isobutanool |
| Greek ελληνικά | 2-μεθυλοπροπαν-1-όλη ισοβουτανόλη |
| English English | 2-methylpropan-1-ol iso-butanol |
| French français | 2-méthylpropan-1-ol isobutanol |
| Croatian hrvatski | 2-metilpropan-1-ol izobutanol |
| Italian italiano | 2-metilpropan-1-olo isobutanolo |
| Latvian latviešu | 2-metilpropān-1-ols izobutanols |
| Lithuanian lietuvių | 2-metilpropan-1-olis izobutanolis |
| Hungarian magyar | 2-metilpropán-1-ol izobutanol |
| Maltese Malti | 2-metilpropan-1-ol iso-butanol |
| Dutch Nederlands | 2-methylpropaan-1-ol isobutanol |
| Polish polski | 2-metylopropan-1-ol izobutanolalkohol izobutylowy |
| Portuguese português | 2-metilpropan-1-ol isobutanol |
| Romanian română | 2-metilpropan-1-ol izo-butanol |
| Slovak slovenčina | 2-metylpropán-1-ol izobutanol |
| Slovenian slovenščina | 2-metilpropan-1-ol izo-butanol |
| Finnish suomi | 2-metyylipropan-1-oli isobutanoli |
| Swedish svenska | 2-metylpropan-1-ol isobutanol |
All 23 language editions of Annex VI carry this entry. Irish is the twenty-fourth official EU language and has no line here for a different reason: no consolidated CLP text has ever been published in Irish, so there is no Irish edition of Annex VI to quote a name from. Source: consolidated CLP, CELEX 02008R1272, language editions. © European Union, https://eur-lex.europa.eu — only the electronic Official Journal of the European Union is authentic.
06 · Label elements
2-methylpropan-1-ol GHS label elements
Everything CLP Annex VI fixes for 2-methylpropan-1-ol, laid out the way it appears on a label. The greyed lines are the parts only the supplier can fill in.
Danger
2-methylpropan-1-ol
- Flammable liquid and vapour.
- May cause respiratory irritation.
- May cause drowsiness or dizziness.
- Causes skin irritation.
- Causes serious eye damage.
- Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
- Keep container tightly closed.
- Use explosion-proof [electrical/ventilating/lighting/…] equipment.
- Use only non-sparking tools.
- Wash … thoroughly after handling.
- Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/…
- IF ON SKIN:
- IF IN EYES:
- Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…
- Get medical advice/attention.
- If skin irritation occurs:
- Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
- Wash with plenty of water/…
- Store in a well-ventilated place.
Supplier name, address and telephone number· Product identifier·Nominal quantity
Need this as an actual label? Open 2-methylpropan-1-ol in the GHS label constructor →
07 · Health hazards
2-methylpropan-1-ol health hazards and exposure limits
2-methylpropan-1-ol hazard summary
In mice, 6400 ppm produces narcosis, but not death. [ACGIH] A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant; Inhalation of high concentrations can cause CNS depression; [ICSC]
Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
2-methylpropan-1-ol occupational exposure limits
| Limit | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| PEL | 100.0 [ppm] | Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases |
| PEL | 100 ppm (300 mg/m³) | Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) |
| PEL | TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) See Appendix G | The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) |
| REL | 50 ppm (150 mg/m³) | Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) |
| REL | TWA 50 ppm (150 mg/m3) | The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) |
| IDLH | 1600 ppm (NIOSH, 2024) | CAMEO Chemicals |
| IDLH | 1600.0 [ppm] | Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases |
| IDLH | 1600 ppm | Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) |
These are United States values. The European Union sets its own indicative and binding limits, and the figure that applies at a given workplace is the one in the local regulation — not the one shown here.
08 · Physical and chemical properties
2-methylpropan-1-ol properties
Every value is shown with the conditions it was measured under and the source it came from. Where sources disagree, all values are listed rather than one being picked — the difference is usually a different form of the substance, not an error.
2-methylpropan-1-ol boiling point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boiling point | 108 °C (226.4 °F) | HSDB | |
| 108.33 °C (227 °F) | NIOSH | ||
| 107.22 °C (225 °F) | at 760 mmHg | CAMEO |
2-methylpropan-1-ol melting point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Melting point | -108 °C (-162.4 °F) | HSDB | |
| -107.78 °C (-162 °F) | NIOSH |
2-methylpropan-1-ol density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | 0.8 g/cm³ | NIOSH | |
| 0.8018 g/cm³ | at 24 °C | HSDB | |
| 0.802 g/cm³ | at 20 °C | CAMEO |
2-methylpropan-1-ol solubility
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | Solubility in water at 20 °C: 8.5 wt% | at 20 °C | HSDB |
| In water, 66.5-90.9 g/L at 25 °C | at 25 °C | HSDB | |
| In water, 8.5X10+4 mg/L at 25 °C | at 25 °C | HSDB |
2-methylpropan-1-ol vapor pressure
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor pressure | 9 mmHg | NIOSH | |
| 10 mmHg | at 21.72 °C | CAMEO | |
| 10.4 mmHg | at 25 °C | HSDB |
2-methylpropan-1-ol flash point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flash point | 28 °C (82.4 °F) | HSDB | |
| 27.78 °C (82 °F) | HSDB |
2-methylpropan-1-ol autoignition temperature
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Autoignition temperature | 415 °C (779 °F) | HSDB | |
| 426.67 °C (800 °F) | CAMEO |
2-methylpropan-1-ol lower explosive limit (LEL)
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lower explosive limit (LEL) | 1.2 % by volume | CAMEO | |
| 1.7 % by volume | ICSC |
2-methylpropan-1-ol upper explosive limit (UEL)
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Upper explosive limit (UEL) | 10.9 % by volume | CAMEO |
2-methylpropan-1-ol vapor density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor density | 2.56 (air = 1) | HSDB | |
| 2.55 (air = 1) | CAMEO |
2-methylpropan-1-ol odor threshold
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Odor threshold | 40 ppm | HSDB | |
| Odor Threshold Low: 0.66 [ppm] | Haz-Map | ||
| Odor Threshold High: 40.0 [ppm] | Haz-Map |
2-methylpropan-1-ol critical temperature and pressure
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Critical temperature and pressure | 274.63 °C (526.3 °F) | HSDB |
2-methylpropan-1-ol corrosivity
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Corrosivity | Isobutyl alcohol will attack some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings. | HSDB |
Values compiled from PubChem Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary. Temperatures converted to Fahrenheit for reference.
09 · Fire and explosion
2-methylpropan-1-ol fire and explosion behaviour
These are descriptions rather than measured values, so they are kept out of the table above and quoted here with the source that reported them.
2-methylpropan-1-ol fire potential
Flammable in the presence of a source of ignition when the temperature is above the flash point. Keep away from heat/sparks/open flame/ hot surface. No smoking.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
10 · Handling and storage
2-methylpropan-1-ol storage and handling
2-methylpropan-1-ol peroxide formation
D*: Other compounds that may form peroxides
Source: Lab and Research Safety, University of Minnesota
2-methylpropan-1-ol safe storage
Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants and aluminium.
Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
2-methylpropan-1-ol storage conditions
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carfully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
2-methylpropan-1-ol incompatible materials
Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fires & explosions.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
2-methylpropan-1-ol reactivity
ISOBUTANOL is an alcohol. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of alcohols with alkali metals, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. They react with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to form esters plus water. Oxidizing agents convert them to aldehydes or ketones. Alcohols exhibit both weak acid and weak base behavior. They may initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides. This chemical is incompatible with strong oxidizers. (NTP, 1992)
Source: CAMEO Chemicals
Planning storage for a mix of chemicals? Check 2-methylpropan-1-ol in the storage compatibility matrix →
11 · Questions
2-methylpropan-1-ol — frequently asked questions
What is the CAS number of 2-methylpropan-1-ol?
The CAS number of 2-methylpropan-1-ol is 78-83-1. Its EC number is 201-148-0.
What is the chemical formula of 2-methylpropan-1-ol?
The molecular formula of 2-methylpropan-1-ol is C4H10O and its molecular weight is 74.12 g/mol.
What does a 2-methylpropan-1-ol label have to show?
Under CLP Annex VI the label for 2-methylpropan-1-ol carries the pictograms Flame, Corrosion and Exclamation mark and the signal word is Danger.
Is 2-methylpropan-1-ol flammable?
Yes. CLP Annex VI assigns 2-methylpropan-1-ol H226 — flammable liquid and vapour. The flash point reported for it is 28 °C (82.4 °F) (HSDB).
Is 2-methylpropan-1-ol a carcinogen?
CLP Annex VI records no harmonised carcinogenicity classification for 2-methylpropan-1-ol. Annex VI is a list of agreed classifications, not a list of substances found safe, so this is an absence of a classification rather than a clean bill of health.
What is the exposure limit for 2-methylpropan-1-ol?
The US occupational exposure limit reported for 2-methylpropan-1-ol is 100.0 [ppm] (Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases). Limits differ by country: the EU sets its own indicative and binding values, and the figure that applies at a given workplace is the one in the local regulation.
What is the boiling point of 2-methylpropan-1-ol?
The boiling point reported for 2-methylpropan-1-ol is 108 °C (226.4 °F) (HSDB).
What is the melting point of 2-methylpropan-1-ol?
The melting point reported for 2-methylpropan-1-ol is -108 °C (-162.4 °F) (HSDB).
How should 2-methylpropan-1-ol be stored?
CLP Annex VI assigns 2-methylpropan-1-ol the storage statement P403. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carfully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. (Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB))
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