Substance profile
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene is a clear, colorless liquid with a distinctive, aromatic odor.
01 · Identification
What 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene is
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene is a clear, colorless liquid with a distinctive, aromatic odor. Its molecular formula is C9H12 and its molecular weight is 120.19 g/mol. It boils at 169 °C, melts at -43.8 °C.
Under the GHS it carries the signal word Warning. It is classed as flammable agents - 2nd degree.
02 · Identifiers
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene identifiers and molecular data
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene CAS number and EC number
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene molecular formula and molecular weight
03 · GHS classification
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene hazard classification
Harmonised classification under CLP Annex VI. This is the legally binding classification in the EU; other jurisdictions may differ.
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene pictograms and signal word
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene hazard class and category
| Hazard class | Category | From code | Pictogram |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flammable liquids GHS chapter 2.6 | Category 3 | H226 | GHS02 |
| Acute toxicity - inhalation GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 4 | H332 | GHS07 |
| Skin corrosion/irritation GHS chapter 3.2 | Category 2 | H315 | GHS07 |
| Serious eye damage/eye irritation GHS chapter 3.3 | Category 2A | H319 | GHS07 |
| Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure GHS chapter 3.8 | Category 3 | H335 | GHS07 |
| Hazardous to the aquatic environment - chronic GHS chapter 4.1 | Category 2 | H411 | GHS09 |
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene hazard statements (H-codes)
| Code | Hazard statement |
|---|---|
| H226 | Flammable liquid and vapour. |
| H332 | Harmful if inhaled. |
| H335 | May cause respiratory irritation. |
| H315 | Causes skin irritation. |
| H319 | Causes serious eye irritation. |
| H411 | Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. |
This page lists only the codes assigned to 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene. The full reference lives on the hazard statements hub, the precautionary statements hub and the GHS pictograms hub.
Safety Data Sheet
Getting an SDS for 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
A Safety Data Sheet is written for a product, not for a substance: the supplier of the grade you actually buy issues it, so two suppliers of 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene issue two different sheets. That is why there is no single authoritative SDS for a substance to download — what there is, is the job of collecting the sheets for the products you hold and keeping them current as suppliers revise them.
04 · Precautionary statements
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene precautionary statements
CLP Annex VI assigns 21 precautionary statements to 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene. They are grouped the way a label groups them: what to do before handling, what to do when something has already happened, how to store it and how to dispose of it.
Prevention
What to do before and during handling so the hazard never happens.
Response
What to do once exposure, spillage or fire has already happened.
Disposal
What has to happen to the contents and the empty container.
Reading the notation. … is a blank the supplier fills in — not a truncated sentence.· [square brackets] mark a part printed only when it applies.
05 · Names in the regulation
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene name in 23 EU languages
CLP Annex VI Part 3 is published in every language edition of the regulation, and the identification column is written out in each of them. Nothing below is translated by us: each line is the name as that edition prints it. Under Art. 18(2) the substance name from Annex VI is a lawful product identifier, so this is the wording to put on a label going to that market — and where the cell lists several designations, any one of them qualifies.
| Language | Name in CLP Annex VI Part 3 |
|---|---|
| Bulgarian български | 1,2,4-триметилбензен |
| Spanish español | 1,2,4-Trimetilbenceno |
| Czech čeština | 1,2,4-trimethylbenzen |
| Danish dansk | 1,2,4-trimethylbenzen |
| German Deutsch | 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzol |
| Estonian eesti | 1,2,4-trimetüülbenseen |
| Greek ελληνικά | 1,2,4-τριμεθυλοβενζόλιο |
| English English | 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene |
| French français | 1,2,4-triméthylbenzène |
| Croatian hrvatski | 1,2,4-trimetilbenzen |
| Italian italiano | 1,2,4-trimetilbenzene |
| Latvian latviešu | 1,2,4-trimetilbenzols |
| Lithuanian lietuvių | 1,2,4-trimetilbenzenas |
| Hungarian magyar | 1,2,4-trimetilbenzol |
| Maltese Malti | 1,2,4-trimetilbenżen |
| Dutch Nederlands | 1,2,4-trimethylbenzeen |
| Polish polski | 1,2,4-trimetylobenzen |
| Portuguese português | 1,2,4-trimetilbenzeno |
| Romanian română | 1,2,4-trimetilbenzen |
| Slovak slovenčina | 1,2,4-trimetylbenzén |
| Slovenian slovenščina | 1,2,4-trimetilbenzen |
| Finnish suomi | 1,2,4-trimetyylibentseeni |
| Swedish svenska | 1,2,4-trimetylbensen |
All 23 language editions of Annex VI carry this entry. Irish is the twenty-fourth official EU language and has no line here for a different reason: no consolidated CLP text has ever been published in Irish, so there is no Irish edition of Annex VI to quote a name from. Source: consolidated CLP, CELEX 02008R1272, language editions. © European Union, https://eur-lex.europa.eu — only the electronic Official Journal of the European Union is authentic.
06 · Label elements
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene GHS label elements
Everything CLP Annex VI fixes for 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene, laid out the way it appears on a label. The greyed lines are the parts only the supplier can fill in.
Warning
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
- Flammable liquid and vapour.
- Harmful if inhaled.
- May cause respiratory irritation.
- Causes skin irritation.
- Causes serious eye irritation.
- Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
- Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
- Keep container tightly closed.
- Use explosion-proof [electrical/ventilating/lighting/…] equipment.
- Use only non-sparking tools.
- Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
- Wash … thoroughly after handling.
- Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
- Avoid release to the environment.
- Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/…
- IF ON SKIN:
- IF INHALED:
- IF IN EYES:
- Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/… if you feel unwell.
- Get medical advice/attention.
- If skin irritation occurs:
- If eye irritation persists:
- Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
- Wash with plenty of water/…
- Collect spillage.
- Store in a well-ventilated place.
- Dispose of contents/container to …
Supplier name, address and telephone number· Product identifier·Nominal quantity
Need this as an actual label? Open 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene in the GHS label constructor →
07 · Health hazards
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene health hazards and exposure limits
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene hazard summary
A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant; Inhalation of high concentrations can cause CNS depression; [HSDB] A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant; May cause chemical pneumonitis after aspiration; Defats the skin; May have effects on the central nervous system and blood; [ICSC] Reported blood dycrasias in chronically exposed workers were probably caused by benzene present as a contaminant; [ACGIH] An irritant; [MSDSonline] See Trimethyl benzene isomers.
Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene occupational exposure limits
| Limit | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| PEL | none See Appendix G | The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) |
| REL | TWA 25 ppm (125 mg/m3) | The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) |
| IDLH | N.D. | The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) |
These are United States values. The European Union sets its own indicative and binding limits, and the figure that applies at a given workplace is the one in the local regulation — not the one shown here.
08 · Physical and chemical properties
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene properties
Every value is shown with the conditions it was measured under and the source it came from. Where sources disagree, all values are listed rather than one being picked — the difference is usually a different form of the substance, not an error.
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene boiling point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boiling point | 168.89 °C (336 °F) | HSDB | |
| 169.44 °C (337 °F) | NIOSH | ||
| 168 °C (334.4 °F) | at 760 mmHg | CAMEO |
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene melting point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Melting point | -43.77 °C (-46.8 °F) | HSDB | |
| -60.56 °C (-77 °F) | NIOSH | ||
| -44 °C (-47.2 °F) | CAMEO |
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | 0.88 g/cm³ | NIOSH | |
| 0.889 g/cm³ | CAMEO | ||
| 0.8758 g/cm³ | at 20 °C | HSDB |
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene solubility
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | Miscible with ethanol, benzene, ethyl ether, acetone, carbon tetrachloride, petroleum ether | HSDB | |
| 0.006% | NIOSH | ||
| In water, 57 mg/L at 25 °C | at 25 °C | HSDB |
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene vapor pressure
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor pressure | 4.9 mmHg | CAMEO | |
| 2.1 mmHg | at 25 °C | HSDB | |
| 1 mmHg | at 13.33 °C | NIOSH |
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene flash point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flash point | 44.44 °C (112 °F) | HSDB | |
| 43.89 °C (111 °F) | CAMEO |
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene autoignition temperature
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Autoignition temperature | 500 °C (932 °F) | HSDB |
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene lower explosive limit (LEL)
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lower explosive limit (LEL) | 0.9 % by volume | HSDB |
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene upper explosive limit (UEL)
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Upper explosive limit (UEL) | 6.4 % by volume | HSDB |
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene vapor density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor density | 4.15 (air = 1) | HSDB | |
| 4.1 (air = 1) | ICSC |
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene critical temperature and pressure
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Critical temperature and pressure | 376.13 °C (709 °F) | HSDB |
Values compiled from PubChem Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary. Temperatures converted to Fahrenheit for reference.
09 · Fire and explosion
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene fire and explosion behaviour
These are descriptions rather than measured values, so they are kept out of the table above and quoted here with the source that reported them.
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene fire potential
MODERATE FIRE RISK.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
10 · Handling and storage
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene storage and handling
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene safe storage
Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants. Well closed. Keep in a well-ventilated room.
Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene storage conditions
STORAGE TANKS SHOULD BE MOUNDED TO CONFINE ESCAPING LIQUID & ESCAPE FROM PROCESS VESSELS SHOULD BE CONTROLLED IN SIMILAR MANNER BY SILLS @ DOORWAYS, DESIGN OF FLOORS, ETC. /TRIMETHYLBENZENES/
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene incompatible materials
Oxidizers (perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, chlorates, nitrates), strong oxidizers (chlorine, bromine, fluorine), and nitric acid. /Trimethyl benzenes/
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene reactivity
1,2,4-TRIMETHYLBENZENE is incompatible with the following: Oxidizers, nitric acid (NIOSH, 2024).
Source: CAMEO Chemicals
Planning storage for a mix of chemicals? Check 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene in the storage compatibility matrix →
11 · Questions
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene — frequently asked questions
What is the CAS number of 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene?
The CAS number of 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene is 95-63-6. Its EC number is 202-436-9.
What is the chemical formula of 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene?
The molecular formula of 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene is C9H12 and its molecular weight is 120.19 g/mol.
What does a 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene label have to show?
Under CLP Annex VI the label for 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene carries the pictograms Flame, Exclamation mark and Environment and the signal word is Warning.
Is 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene flammable?
Yes. CLP Annex VI assigns 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene H226 — flammable liquid and vapour. The flash point reported for it is 44.44 °C (112 °F) (HSDB).
Is 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene a carcinogen?
CLP Annex VI records no harmonised carcinogenicity classification for 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene. Annex VI is a list of agreed classifications, not a list of substances found safe, so this is an absence of a classification rather than a clean bill of health.
What is the exposure limit for 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene?
The US occupational exposure limit reported for 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene is none See Appendix G (The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)). Limits differ by country: the EU sets its own indicative and binding values, and the figure that applies at a given workplace is the one in the local regulation.
What is the boiling point of 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene?
The boiling point reported for 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene is 168.89 °C (336 °F) (HSDB).
What is the melting point of 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene?
The melting point reported for 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene is -43.77 °C (-46.8 °F) (HSDB).
How should 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene be stored?
CLP Annex VI assigns 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene the storage statement P403. STORAGE TANKS SHOULD BE MOUNDED TO CONFINE ESCAPING LIQUID & ESCAPE FROM PROCESS VESSELS SHOULD BE CONTROLLED IN SIMILAR MANNER BY SILLS @ DOORWAYS, DESIGN OF FLOORS, ETC. /TRIMETHYLBENZENES/ (Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB))
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