Provenance

Reference data from EU CLP Annex VI and published regulations — verify against your supplier's SDS before use.

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Substance profile

2,4-Dinitrophenol

2,4-Dinitrophenol is pale yellow platelets or leaflets from water with a sweet, musty odor.

CAS 51-28-5 C6H4N2O5 184.11 g/mol Danger

01 · Identification

What 2,4-Dinitrophenol is

2,4-Dinitrophenol is pale yellow platelets or leaflets from water with a sweet, musty odor. Its molecular formula is C6H4N2O5 and its molecular weight is 184.11 g/mol. It melts at 115 °C, is soluble in water.

Under the GHS it carries the signal word Danger. It is classed as hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs).

02 · Identifiers

2,4-Dinitrophenol identifiers and molecular data

2,4-Dinitrophenol CAS number and EC number

CAS number51-28-5
EC number200-087-7
Index number (CLP Annex VI)609-041-00-4

2,4-Dinitrophenol molecular formula and molecular weight

Molecular formulaC6H4N2O5
Molecular weight184.11 g/mol
Chemical class Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs)

03 · GHS classification

2,4-Dinitrophenol hazard classification

Harmonised classification under CLP Annex VI. This is the legally binding classification in the EU; other jurisdictions may differ.

2,4-Dinitrophenol pictograms and signal word

Signal wordDanger

2,4-Dinitrophenol hazard class and category

GHS hazard classes 2,4-Dinitrophenol falls into
Hazard class Category From code Pictogram
Acute toxicity - oral GHS chapter 3.1 Category 1 or 2 H300 GHS06
Acute toxicity - dermal GHS chapter 3.1 Category 3 H311 GHS06
Acute toxicity - inhalation GHS chapter 3.1 Category 3 H331 GHS06
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure GHS chapter 3.9 Category 1 H372 GHS08
Hazardous to the aquatic environment - acute GHS chapter 4.1 Category 1 H400 GHS09

Where two values are shown with “or”, the hazard statement is shared by more than one category or by more than one class, and the code alone does not say which. H272, for example, belongs to oxidising liquids and to oxidising solids — the physical state decides. The binding answer for a specific entry is in the CLP Annex VI table itself.

2,4-Dinitrophenol hazard statements (H-codes)

Hazard statements assigned to 2,4-Dinitrophenol
CodeHazard statement
H300 Fatal if swallowed.
H331 Toxic if inhaled.
H311 Toxic in contact with skin.
H372 Causes damage to organs <or state all organs affected, if known> through prolonged or repeated exposure <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>.
H400 Very toxic to aquatic life.

This page lists only the codes assigned to 2,4-Dinitrophenol. The full reference lives on the hazard statements hub, the precautionary statements hub and the GHS pictograms hub.

Safety Data Sheet

Getting an SDS for 2,4-Dinitrophenol

A Safety Data Sheet is written for a product, not for a substance: the supplier of the grade you actually buy issues it, so two suppliers of 2,4-Dinitrophenol issue two different sheets. That is why there is no single authoritative SDS for a substance to download — what there is, is the job of collecting the sheets for the products you hold and keeping them current as suppliers revise them.

04 · Precautionary statements

2,4-Dinitrophenol precautionary statements

CLP Annex VI assigns 14 precautionary statements to 2,4-Dinitrophenol. They are grouped the way a label groups them: what to do before handling, what to do when something has already happened, how to store it and how to dispose of it.

Disposal

What has to happen to the contents and the empty container.

Reading the notation. is a blank the supplier fills in — not a truncated sentence.· [square brackets] mark a part printed only when it applies.

05 · Names in the regulation

2,4-Dinitrophenol name in 23 EU languages

CLP Annex VI Part 3 is published in every language edition of the regulation, and the identification column is written out in each of them. Nothing below is translated by us: each line is the name as that edition prints it. Under Art. 18(2) the substance name from Annex VI is a lawful product identifier, so this is the wording to put on a label going to that market — and where the cell lists several designations, any one of them qualifies.

Language Name in CLP Annex VI Part 3
Bulgarian български 2,4-динитрофенол
Spanish español 2,4-Dinitrofenol
Czech čeština 2,4-dinitrofenol
Danish dansk 2,4-dinitrophenol
German Deutsch 2,4-Dinitrophenol
Estonian eesti 2,4-dinitrofenool
Greek ελληνικά 2,4-δινιτροφαινόλη
English English 2,4-dinitrophenol
French français 2,4-dinitrophénol
Croatian hrvatski 2,4-dinitrofenol
Italian italiano 2,4-dinitrofenolo
Latvian latviešu 2,4-dinitrofenols
Lithuanian lietuvių 2,4-dinitrofenolis
Hungarian magyar 2,4-dinitrofenol
Maltese Malti 2,4-dinitrofenol
Dutch Nederlands 2,4-dinitrofenol
Polish polski 2,4-dinitrofenol
Portuguese português 2,4-dinitrofenol
Romanian română 2,4-dinitrofenol
Slovak slovenčina 2,4-dinitrofenol
Slovenian slovenščina 2,4-dinitrofenol
Finnish suomi 2,4-dinitrofenoli
Swedish svenska 2,4-dinitrofenol

All 23 language editions of Annex VI carry this entry. Irish is the twenty-fourth official EU language and has no line here for a different reason: no consolidated CLP text has ever been published in Irish, so there is no Irish edition of Annex VI to quote a name from. Source: consolidated CLP, CELEX 02008R1272, language editions. © European Union, https://eur-lex.europa.eu — only the electronic Official Journal of the European Union is authentic.

06 · Label elements

2,4-Dinitrophenol GHS label elements

Everything CLP Annex VI fixes for 2,4-Dinitrophenol, laid out the way it appears on a label. The greyed lines are the parts only the supplier can fill in.

GHS06 Skull and crossbones pictogramGHS08 Health hazard pictogramGHS09 Environment pictogram

Danger

2,4-Dinitrophenol

  • Fatal if swallowed.
  • Toxic if inhaled.
  • Toxic in contact with skin.
  • Causes damage to organs <or state all organs affected, if known> through prolonged or repeated exposure <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>.
  • Very toxic to aquatic life.
  • Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
  • Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
  • Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
  • Avoid release to the environment.
  • Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/
  • IF SWALLOWED:
  • IF ON SKIN:
  • IF INHALED:
  • Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/
  • Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
  • Rinse mouth.
  • Wash with plenty of water/
  • Collect spillage.
  • Dispose of contents/container to

Supplier name, address and telephone number· Product identifier·Nominal quantity

Need this as an actual label? Open 2,4-Dinitrophenol in the GHS label constructor →

07 · Health hazards

2,4-Dinitrophenol health hazards and exposure limits

2,4-Dinitrophenol hazard summary

2,4-Dinitrophenol is used in the manufacture of dyes, wood preservatives, and as a pesticide. The acute (short-term) effects of 2,4-dinitrophenol in humans through oral exposure are nausea, vomiting, sweating, dizziness, headaches, and loss of weight. Chronic (long-term) oral exposure to 2,4-dinitrophenol in humans has resulted in the formation of cataracts and skin lesions, weight loss, and has caused effects on the bone marrow, central nervous system (CNS), and cardiovascular system. Limited or no information is available on the developmental, reproductive, or carcinogenic effects of 2,4-dinitrophenol in humans. EPA has not classified 2,4-dinitrophenol for carcinogenicity.

Source: EPA Hazardous Air Pollutants

08 · Physical and chemical properties

2,4-Dinitrophenol properties

Every value is shown with the conditions it was measured under and the source it came from. Where sources disagree, all values are listed rather than one being picked — the difference is usually a different form of the substance, not an error.

2,4-Dinitrophenol boiling point

Property Value Conditions Source
Boiling point Sublimes sublimes HSDB
Sublimes (when carefully heated) (NTP, 1992) sublimes CAMEO

2,4-Dinitrophenol melting point

Property Value Conditions Source
Melting point 114.8 °C (238.6 °F) HSDB
112 °C (233.6 °F) ICSC

2,4-Dinitrophenol density

Property Value Conditions Source
Density 1.68 g/cm³ ICSC
1.683 g/cm³ at 24 °C HSDB
1.68 g/cm³ at 20 °C CAMEO

2,4-Dinitrophenol solubility

Property Value Conditions Source
Solubility Soluble in ethanol, ethyl ether, benzene, methanol HSDB
Soluble in aqueous alkaline solutions HSDB
In water, 5,600 mg/L at 18 °C; 43,000 mg/L at 100 °C at 18 °C HSDB

2,4-Dinitrophenol vapor pressure

Property Value Conditions Source
Vapor pressure 0.00039 mmHg at 20 °C HSDB
0.00039 mmHg Haz-Map

2,4-Dinitrophenol lower explosive limit (LEL)

Property Value Conditions Source
Lower explosive limit (LEL) Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air. HSDB
Forms explosive salts with alkalies and ammonia. HSDB
Prolonged exposure to fire or heat may result in the spontaneous decomposition and heating with a resultant explosion. decomposes, Dinitrophenol solutions HSDB

2,4-Dinitrophenol vapor density

Property Value Conditions Source
Vapor density 6.35 (air = 1) HSDB
6.36 (air = 1) ICSC

Values compiled from PubChem Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary. Temperatures converted to Fahrenheit for reference.

09 · Fire and explosion

2,4-Dinitrophenol fire and explosion behaviour

These are descriptions rather than measured values, so they are kept out of the table above and quoted here with the source that reported them.

2,4-Dinitrophenol fire potential

The flammability of the solution depends on the nature of the solvent. Dintrophenol is combustible though it may require some effort to ignite. /Dinitrophenol solutions/

Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

10 · Handling and storage

2,4-Dinitrophenol storage and handling

2,4-Dinitrophenol safe storage

Fireproof. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Cool. Separated from combustible substances, reducing agents and food and feedstuffs.

Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

2,4-Dinitrophenol storage conditions

/Dinitrophenol/ ... should be stored in a cool ventilated place away from area of acute fire hazard and away from powerful oxidizing agents. /Dinitrophenol/

Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

2,4-Dinitrophenol incompatible materials

Contact with reducing agents, combustibles may cause fire and explosions. Forms shock-sensitive explosive salts with ammonia, strong bases, and most metals. May accumulate static electrical charges /which/ may cause ignition of its vapors.

Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

2,4-Dinitrophenol reactivity

2,4-DINITROPHENOL may explode if subjected to heat or flame. May explode if allowed to dry out. Forms explosive salts with alkalis and ammonia. Incompatible with heavy metals and their compounds. Also incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases and reducing agents. Reacts with combustibles. (NTP, 1992)

Source: CAMEO Chemicals

Planning storage for a mix of chemicals? Check 2,4-Dinitrophenol in the storage compatibility matrix →

11 · Questions

2,4-Dinitrophenol — frequently asked questions

What is the CAS number of 2,4-Dinitrophenol?

The CAS number of 2,4-Dinitrophenol is 51-28-5. Its EC number is 200-087-7.

What is the chemical formula of 2,4-Dinitrophenol?

The molecular formula of 2,4-Dinitrophenol is C6H4N2O5 and its molecular weight is 184.11 g/mol.

What does a 2,4-Dinitrophenol label have to show?

Under CLP Annex VI the label for 2,4-Dinitrophenol carries the pictograms Skull and crossbones, Health hazard and Environment and the signal word is Danger.

Is 2,4-Dinitrophenol flammable?

CLP Annex VI assigns 2,4-Dinitrophenol no flammability hazard class. That is not a statement that it cannot burn: the harmonised list only records the hazards that were assessed for it.

Is 2,4-Dinitrophenol a carcinogen?

CLP Annex VI records no harmonised carcinogenicity classification for 2,4-Dinitrophenol. Annex VI is a list of agreed classifications, not a list of substances found safe, so this is an absence of a classification rather than a clean bill of health.

What is the boiling point of 2,4-Dinitrophenol?

The boiling point reported for 2,4-Dinitrophenol is Sublimes, sublimes (HSDB).

What is the melting point of 2,4-Dinitrophenol?

The melting point reported for 2,4-Dinitrophenol is 114.8 °C (238.6 °F) (HSDB).

How should 2,4-Dinitrophenol be stored?

/Dinitrophenol/ ... should be stored in a cool ventilated place away from area of acute fire hazard and away from powerful oxidizing agents. /Dinitrophenol/ (Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB))

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