Substance profile
2,4-Dinitrophenol
2,4-Dinitrophenol is pale yellow platelets or leaflets from water with a sweet, musty odor.
01 · Identification
What 2,4-Dinitrophenol is
2,4-Dinitrophenol is pale yellow platelets or leaflets from water with a sweet, musty odor. Its molecular formula is C6H4N2O5 and its molecular weight is 184.11 g/mol. It melts at 115 °C, is soluble in water.
Under the GHS it carries the signal word Danger. It is classed as hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs).
02 · Identifiers
2,4-Dinitrophenol identifiers and molecular data
2,4-Dinitrophenol CAS number and EC number
2,4-Dinitrophenol molecular formula and molecular weight
03 · GHS classification
2,4-Dinitrophenol hazard classification
Harmonised classification under CLP Annex VI. This is the legally binding classification in the EU; other jurisdictions may differ.
2,4-Dinitrophenol pictograms and signal word
2,4-Dinitrophenol hazard class and category
| Hazard class | Category | From code | Pictogram |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acute toxicity - oral GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 1 or 2 | H300 | GHS06 |
| Acute toxicity - dermal GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 3 | H311 | GHS06 |
| Acute toxicity - inhalation GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 3 | H331 | GHS06 |
| Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure GHS chapter 3.9 | Category 1 | H372 | GHS08 |
| Hazardous to the aquatic environment - acute GHS chapter 4.1 | Category 1 | H400 | GHS09 |
Where two values are shown with “or”, the hazard statement is shared by more than one category or by more than one class, and the code alone does not say which. H272, for example, belongs to oxidising liquids and to oxidising solids — the physical state decides. The binding answer for a specific entry is in the CLP Annex VI table itself.
2,4-Dinitrophenol hazard statements (H-codes)
| Code | Hazard statement |
|---|---|
| H300 | Fatal if swallowed. |
| H331 | Toxic if inhaled. |
| H311 | Toxic in contact with skin. |
| H372 | Causes damage to organs <or state all organs affected, if known> through prolonged or repeated exposure <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>. |
| H400 | Very toxic to aquatic life. |
This page lists only the codes assigned to 2,4-Dinitrophenol. The full reference lives on the hazard statements hub, the precautionary statements hub and the GHS pictograms hub.
Safety Data Sheet
Getting an SDS for 2,4-Dinitrophenol
A Safety Data Sheet is written for a product, not for a substance: the supplier of the grade you actually buy issues it, so two suppliers of 2,4-Dinitrophenol issue two different sheets. That is why there is no single authoritative SDS for a substance to download — what there is, is the job of collecting the sheets for the products you hold and keeping them current as suppliers revise them.
04 · Precautionary statements
2,4-Dinitrophenol precautionary statements
CLP Annex VI assigns 14 precautionary statements to 2,4-Dinitrophenol. They are grouped the way a label groups them: what to do before handling, what to do when something has already happened, how to store it and how to dispose of it.
Prevention
What to do before and during handling so the hazard never happens.
Response
What to do once exposure, spillage or fire has already happened.
Disposal
What has to happen to the contents and the empty container.
Reading the notation. … is a blank the supplier fills in — not a truncated sentence.· [square brackets] mark a part printed only when it applies.
05 · Names in the regulation
2,4-Dinitrophenol name in 23 EU languages
CLP Annex VI Part 3 is published in every language edition of the regulation, and the identification column is written out in each of them. Nothing below is translated by us: each line is the name as that edition prints it. Under Art. 18(2) the substance name from Annex VI is a lawful product identifier, so this is the wording to put on a label going to that market — and where the cell lists several designations, any one of them qualifies.
| Language | Name in CLP Annex VI Part 3 |
|---|---|
| Bulgarian български | 2,4-динитрофенол |
| Spanish español | 2,4-Dinitrofenol |
| Czech čeština | 2,4-dinitrofenol |
| Danish dansk | 2,4-dinitrophenol |
| German Deutsch | 2,4-Dinitrophenol |
| Estonian eesti | 2,4-dinitrofenool |
| Greek ελληνικά | 2,4-δινιτροφαινόλη |
| English English | 2,4-dinitrophenol |
| French français | 2,4-dinitrophénol |
| Croatian hrvatski | 2,4-dinitrofenol |
| Italian italiano | 2,4-dinitrofenolo |
| Latvian latviešu | 2,4-dinitrofenols |
| Lithuanian lietuvių | 2,4-dinitrofenolis |
| Hungarian magyar | 2,4-dinitrofenol |
| Maltese Malti | 2,4-dinitrofenol |
| Dutch Nederlands | 2,4-dinitrofenol |
| Polish polski | 2,4-dinitrofenol |
| Portuguese português | 2,4-dinitrofenol |
| Romanian română | 2,4-dinitrofenol |
| Slovak slovenčina | 2,4-dinitrofenol |
| Slovenian slovenščina | 2,4-dinitrofenol |
| Finnish suomi | 2,4-dinitrofenoli |
| Swedish svenska | 2,4-dinitrofenol |
All 23 language editions of Annex VI carry this entry. Irish is the twenty-fourth official EU language and has no line here for a different reason: no consolidated CLP text has ever been published in Irish, so there is no Irish edition of Annex VI to quote a name from. Source: consolidated CLP, CELEX 02008R1272, language editions. © European Union, https://eur-lex.europa.eu — only the electronic Official Journal of the European Union is authentic.
06 · Label elements
2,4-Dinitrophenol GHS label elements
Everything CLP Annex VI fixes for 2,4-Dinitrophenol, laid out the way it appears on a label. The greyed lines are the parts only the supplier can fill in.
Danger
2,4-Dinitrophenol
- Fatal if swallowed.
- Toxic if inhaled.
- Toxic in contact with skin.
- Causes damage to organs <or state all organs affected, if known> through prolonged or repeated exposure <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>.
- Very toxic to aquatic life.
- Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
- Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
- Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
- Avoid release to the environment.
- Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/…
- IF SWALLOWED:
- IF ON SKIN:
- IF INHALED:
- Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…
- Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
- Rinse mouth.
- Wash with plenty of water/…
- Collect spillage.
- Dispose of contents/container to …
Supplier name, address and telephone number· Product identifier·Nominal quantity
Need this as an actual label? Open 2,4-Dinitrophenol in the GHS label constructor →
07 · Health hazards
2,4-Dinitrophenol health hazards and exposure limits
2,4-Dinitrophenol hazard summary
2,4-Dinitrophenol is used in the manufacture of dyes, wood preservatives, and as a pesticide. The acute (short-term) effects of 2,4-dinitrophenol in humans through oral exposure are nausea, vomiting, sweating, dizziness, headaches, and loss of weight. Chronic (long-term) oral exposure to 2,4-dinitrophenol in humans has resulted in the formation of cataracts and skin lesions, weight loss, and has caused effects on the bone marrow, central nervous system (CNS), and cardiovascular system. Limited or no information is available on the developmental, reproductive, or carcinogenic effects of 2,4-dinitrophenol in humans. EPA has not classified 2,4-dinitrophenol for carcinogenicity.
Source: EPA Hazardous Air Pollutants
08 · Physical and chemical properties
2,4-Dinitrophenol properties
Every value is shown with the conditions it was measured under and the source it came from. Where sources disagree, all values are listed rather than one being picked — the difference is usually a different form of the substance, not an error.
2,4-Dinitrophenol boiling point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boiling point | Sublimes | sublimes | HSDB |
| Sublimes (when carefully heated) (NTP, 1992) | sublimes | CAMEO |
2,4-Dinitrophenol melting point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Melting point | 114.8 °C (238.6 °F) | HSDB | |
| 112 °C (233.6 °F) | ICSC |
2,4-Dinitrophenol density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | 1.68 g/cm³ | ICSC | |
| 1.683 g/cm³ | at 24 °C | HSDB | |
| 1.68 g/cm³ | at 20 °C | CAMEO |
2,4-Dinitrophenol solubility
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | Soluble in ethanol, ethyl ether, benzene, methanol | HSDB | |
| Soluble in aqueous alkaline solutions | HSDB | ||
| In water, 5,600 mg/L at 18 °C; 43,000 mg/L at 100 °C | at 18 °C | HSDB |
2,4-Dinitrophenol vapor pressure
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor pressure | 0.00039 mmHg | at 20 °C | HSDB |
| 0.00039 mmHg | Haz-Map |
2,4-Dinitrophenol lower explosive limit (LEL)
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lower explosive limit (LEL) | Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air. | HSDB | |
| Forms explosive salts with alkalies and ammonia. | HSDB | ||
| Prolonged exposure to fire or heat may result in the spontaneous decomposition and heating with a resultant explosion. | decomposes, Dinitrophenol solutions | HSDB |
2,4-Dinitrophenol vapor density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor density | 6.35 (air = 1) | HSDB | |
| 6.36 (air = 1) | ICSC |
Values compiled from PubChem Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary. Temperatures converted to Fahrenheit for reference.
09 · Fire and explosion
2,4-Dinitrophenol fire and explosion behaviour
These are descriptions rather than measured values, so they are kept out of the table above and quoted here with the source that reported them.
2,4-Dinitrophenol fire potential
The flammability of the solution depends on the nature of the solvent. Dintrophenol is combustible though it may require some effort to ignite. /Dinitrophenol solutions/
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
10 · Handling and storage
2,4-Dinitrophenol storage and handling
2,4-Dinitrophenol safe storage
Fireproof. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Cool. Separated from combustible substances, reducing agents and food and feedstuffs.
Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
2,4-Dinitrophenol storage conditions
/Dinitrophenol/ ... should be stored in a cool ventilated place away from area of acute fire hazard and away from powerful oxidizing agents. /Dinitrophenol/
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
2,4-Dinitrophenol incompatible materials
Contact with reducing agents, combustibles may cause fire and explosions. Forms shock-sensitive explosive salts with ammonia, strong bases, and most metals. May accumulate static electrical charges /which/ may cause ignition of its vapors.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
2,4-Dinitrophenol reactivity
2,4-DINITROPHENOL may explode if subjected to heat or flame. May explode if allowed to dry out. Forms explosive salts with alkalis and ammonia. Incompatible with heavy metals and their compounds. Also incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases and reducing agents. Reacts with combustibles. (NTP, 1992)
Source: CAMEO Chemicals
Planning storage for a mix of chemicals? Check 2,4-Dinitrophenol in the storage compatibility matrix →
11 · Questions
2,4-Dinitrophenol — frequently asked questions
What is the CAS number of 2,4-Dinitrophenol?
The CAS number of 2,4-Dinitrophenol is 51-28-5. Its EC number is 200-087-7.
What is the chemical formula of 2,4-Dinitrophenol?
The molecular formula of 2,4-Dinitrophenol is C6H4N2O5 and its molecular weight is 184.11 g/mol.
What does a 2,4-Dinitrophenol label have to show?
Under CLP Annex VI the label for 2,4-Dinitrophenol carries the pictograms Skull and crossbones, Health hazard and Environment and the signal word is Danger.
Is 2,4-Dinitrophenol flammable?
CLP Annex VI assigns 2,4-Dinitrophenol no flammability hazard class. That is not a statement that it cannot burn: the harmonised list only records the hazards that were assessed for it.
Is 2,4-Dinitrophenol a carcinogen?
CLP Annex VI records no harmonised carcinogenicity classification for 2,4-Dinitrophenol. Annex VI is a list of agreed classifications, not a list of substances found safe, so this is an absence of a classification rather than a clean bill of health.
What is the boiling point of 2,4-Dinitrophenol?
The boiling point reported for 2,4-Dinitrophenol is Sublimes, sublimes (HSDB).
What is the melting point of 2,4-Dinitrophenol?
The melting point reported for 2,4-Dinitrophenol is 114.8 °C (238.6 °F) (HSDB).
How should 2,4-Dinitrophenol be stored?
/Dinitrophenol/ ... should be stored in a cool ventilated place away from area of acute fire hazard and away from powerful oxidizing agents. /Dinitrophenol/ (Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB))
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