Substance profile
2-Methoxyaniline
2-Methoxyaniline is a yellowish liquid; becomes brownish on exposure to air with an amine-like odor.
01 · Identification
What 2-Methoxyaniline is
2-Methoxyaniline is a yellowish liquid; becomes brownish on exposure to air with an amine-like odor. Its molecular formula is C7H9NO and its molecular weight is 123.15 g/mol. It boils at 224 °C, melts at 6.2 °C, is miscible with water.
Under the GHS it carries the signal word Danger. It is classed as hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs).
02 · Identifiers
2-Methoxyaniline identifiers and molecular data
2-Methoxyaniline CAS number and EC number
2-Methoxyaniline molecular formula and molecular weight
Other names for 2-Methoxyaniline
- o-anisidine
03 · GHS classification
2-Methoxyaniline hazard classification
Harmonised classification under CLP Annex VI. This is the legally binding classification in the EU; other jurisdictions may differ.
2-Methoxyaniline pictograms and signal word
2-Methoxyaniline hazard class and category
| Hazard class | Category | From code | Pictogram |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acute toxicity - oral GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 3 | H301 | GHS06 |
| Acute toxicity - dermal GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 3 | H311 | GHS06 |
| Acute toxicity - inhalation GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 3 | H331 | GHS06 |
| Germ cell mutagenicity GHS chapter 3.5 | Category 2 | H341 | GHS08 |
| Carcinogenicity GHS chapter 3.6 | Category 1A or 1B | H350 | GHS08 |
Where two values are shown with “or”, the hazard statement is shared by more than one category or by more than one class, and the code alone does not say which. H272, for example, belongs to oxidising liquids and to oxidising solids — the physical state decides. The binding answer for a specific entry is in the CLP Annex VI table itself.
2-Methoxyaniline hazard statements (H-codes)
| Code | Hazard statement |
|---|---|
| H350 | May cause cancer <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>. |
| H341 | Suspected of causing genetic defects <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>. |
| H331 | Toxic if inhaled. |
| H311 | Toxic in contact with skin. |
| H301 | Toxic if swallowed. |
This page lists only the codes assigned to 2-Methoxyaniline. The full reference lives on the hazard statements hub, the precautionary statements hub and the GHS pictograms hub.
Safety Data Sheet
Getting an SDS for 2-Methoxyaniline
A Safety Data Sheet is written for a product, not for a substance: the supplier of the grade you actually buy issues it, so two suppliers of 2-Methoxyaniline issue two different sheets. That is why there is no single authoritative SDS for a substance to download — what there is, is the job of collecting the sheets for the products you hold and keeping them current as suppliers revise them.
04 · Precautionary statements
2-Methoxyaniline precautionary statements
CLP Annex VI assigns 13 precautionary statements to 2-Methoxyaniline. They are grouped the way a label groups them: what to do before handling, what to do when something has already happened, how to store it and how to dispose of it.
Prevention
What to do before and during handling so the hazard never happens.
Response
What to do once exposure, spillage or fire has already happened.
Reading the notation. … is a blank the supplier fills in — not a truncated sentence.· [square brackets] mark a part printed only when it applies.
05 · Names in the regulation
2-Methoxyaniline name in 23 EU languages
CLP Annex VI Part 3 is published in every language edition of the regulation, and the identification column is written out in each of them. Nothing below is translated by us: each line is the name as that edition prints it. Under Art. 18(2) the substance name from Annex VI is a lawful product identifier, so this is the wording to put on a label going to that market — and where the cell lists several designations, any one of them qualifies.
| Language | Name in CLP Annex VI Part 3 |
|---|---|
| Bulgarian български | 2-метоксианилин o -анизидин |
| Spanish español | 2-Metoxianilina o -anisidina |
| Czech čeština | 2-methoxyanilin o -anisidin |
| Danish dansk | 2-methoxyanilin ortho-anisidin |
| German Deutsch | 2-Methoxyanilin o -Anisidin |
| Estonian eesti | 2-metoksüaniliin o -anisidiin |
| Greek ελληνικά | 2-μεθοξυανιλίνη o -ανισιδίνη |
| English English | 2-methoxyaniline o -anisidine |
| French français | 2-méthoxyaniline o -anisidine |
| Croatian hrvatski | 2-metoksianilin o -anisidin |
| Italian italiano | 2-metossi-anilina o -anisidina |
| Latvian latviešu | 2-metoksianilīns o -anizidīns |
| Lithuanian lietuvių | 2-metoksianilinas o -anizidinas |
| Hungarian magyar | 2-metoxianilin o -anizidin |
| Maltese Malti | 2-metossianilina o -anisidina |
| Dutch Nederlands | 2-methoxyaniline o -anisidine |
| Polish polski | 2-metoksyanilina o -anizydyna |
| Portuguese português | 2-metoxianilina o -anisidina |
| Romanian română | 2-metoxianilină o -anisidină |
| Slovak slovenčina | 2-metoxyanilín orto -anizidín |
| Slovenian slovenščina | 2-metoksianilin o -anizidin |
| Finnish suomi | 2-metoksianiliini o -anisidiini |
| Swedish svenska | 2-metoxianilin o -anisidin |
All 23 language editions of Annex VI carry this entry. Irish is the twenty-fourth official EU language and has no line here for a different reason: no consolidated CLP text has ever been published in Irish, so there is no Irish edition of Annex VI to quote a name from. Source: consolidated CLP, CELEX 02008R1272, language editions. © European Union, https://eur-lex.europa.eu — only the electronic Official Journal of the European Union is authentic.
06 · Label elements
2-Methoxyaniline GHS label elements
Everything CLP Annex VI fixes for 2-Methoxyaniline, laid out the way it appears on a label. The greyed lines are the parts only the supplier can fill in.
Danger
2-Methoxyaniline
- May cause cancer <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>.
- Suspected of causing genetic defects <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>.
- Toxic if inhaled.
- Toxic in contact with skin.
- Toxic if swallowed.
- Obtain special instructions before use.
- Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
- Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
- Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
- Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/…
- IF SWALLOWED:
- IF ON SKIN:
- IF INHALED:
- IF exposed or concerned:
- Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…
- Get medical advice/attention.
- Rinse mouth.
- Wash with plenty of water/…
Supplier name, address and telephone number· Product identifier·Nominal quantity
Need this as an actual label? Open 2-Methoxyaniline in the GHS label constructor →
07 · Health hazards
2-Methoxyaniline health hazards and exposure limits
2-Methoxyaniline hazard summary
o-Anisidine is used in the manufacture of dyes. Workers in the dye industry may be occupationally exposed to it. Acute (short-term) exposure to o-anisidine results in skin irritation in humans. Workers exposed to o-anisidine by inhalation for 6 months developed headaches, vertigo, and effects on the blood. Animal studies have reported effects on the blood from chronic (long-term) dermal exposure to o- anisidine. No information is available on the reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of o- anisidine in humans. Animal studies have reported tumors of the urinary bladder from oral exposure to o- anisidine. EPA has not classified o-anisidine for carcinogenicity. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified o-anisidine as a Group 2B, possible human carcinogen.
Source: EPA Hazardous Air Pollutants
2-Methoxyaniline carcinogenicity classification
Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of ortho-anisidine. There is sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of ortho-anisidine. Overall evaluation: ortho-Anisidine is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B).
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
o-Anisidine hydrochloride: reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen. /o-Anisidine hydrochloride/
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
An IARC group and a CLP classification answer different questions. IARC judges whether the evidence for cancer in humans is strong enough; CLP Annex VI is the legally binding EU classification. A substance can carry one and not the other.
2-Methoxyaniline occupational exposure limits
| Limit | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| PEL | 0.5 [mg/m3] | Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases |
| PEL | TWA 0.5 mg/m3 [skin] | The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) |
| REL | Ca TWA 0.5 mg/m3 [skin] See Appendix A | The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) |
| IDLH | 50 mg/m3 ; A potential occupational carcinogen. (NIOSH, 2024) | CAMEO Chemicals |
| IDLH | 50.0 [mg/m3] | Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases |
| IDLH | NIOSH considers o-anisidine to be a potential occupational carcinogen. [50 mg/cu m] | Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) |
These are United States values. The European Union sets its own indicative and binding limits, and the figure that applies at a given workplace is the one in the local regulation — not the one shown here.
08 · Physical and chemical properties
2-Methoxyaniline properties
Every value is shown with the conditions it was measured under and the source it came from. Where sources disagree, all values are listed rather than one being picked — the difference is usually a different form of the substance, not an error.
2-Methoxyaniline boiling point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boiling point | 224 °C (435.2 °F) | HSDB | |
| 225 °C (437 °F) | NIOSH | ||
| 225 °C (437 °F) | at 760 mmHg | CAMEO |
2-Methoxyaniline melting point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Melting point | 6.2 °C (43.2 °F) | HSDB | |
| 5 °C (41 °F) | NIOSH |
2-Methoxyaniline density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | 1.1 g/cm³ | NIOSH | |
| 1.0923 g/cm³ | at 20 °C | HSDB |
2-Methoxyaniline solubility
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | Miscible with ethanol, benzene, diethyl ether and acetone | HSDB | |
| Soluble in ethanol, ethyl ether, acetone, benzene | HSDB | ||
| Soluble in dilute mineral acid, alcohol, and ether; insoluble in water | HSDB |
2-Methoxyaniline vapor pressure
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor pressure | 37.5031 mmHg | at 20 °C | ICSC |
| 0.08 mmHg | at 25 °C | HSDB | |
| 0.1 mmHg | below this value | NIOSH |
2-Methoxyaniline flash point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flash point | 118 °C (244.4 °F) | open cup | HSDB |
| 117.78 °C (244 °F) | NIOSH | ||
| 98.89 °C (210 °F) | CAMEO |
2-Methoxyaniline autoignition temperature
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Autoignition temperature | 415 °C (779 °F) | HSDB | |
| 430 °C (806 °F) | ICSC |
2-Methoxyaniline lower explosive limit (LEL)
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lower explosive limit (LEL) | Not explosive | HSDB | |
| Class IIIB Combustible Liquid: Fl.P. at or above 200 °F. | NIOSH |
2-Methoxyaniline vapor density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor density | 4.25 (air = 1) | HSDB | |
| 4.3 (air = 1) | ICSC |
Values compiled from PubChem Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary. Temperatures converted to Fahrenheit for reference.
09 · Fire and explosion
2-Methoxyaniline fire and explosion behaviour
These are descriptions rather than measured values, so they are kept out of the table above and quoted here with the source that reported them.
2-Methoxyaniline fire potential
Combustible.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
10 · Handling and storage
2-Methoxyaniline storage and handling
2-Methoxyaniline safe storage
Store only in original container. Keep in a well-ventilated room. Separated from strong oxidants, acids, chloroformates and food and feedstuffs. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing.
Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
2-Methoxyaniline storage conditions
Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well ventilated area. Protect against sunlight and strong oxidizers. Metal containers involving the transfer of this chemical should be grounded and bonded. Where possible, automatically pump liquid from drums or other storage containers to process containers. Drums must be equipped with self-closing valves, pressure vacuum bungs, and flame arresters. Use only nonsparking tools and equipment, especially when opening and closing containers of this chemical. Sources of ignition, such as smoking and open flames, are prohibited where this chemical is used, handled, or stored in a manner that could create a potential fire or explosion hazard. A regulated, marked area should be established where this chemical is handled, used, or stored ... /Anisidines/
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
2-Methoxyaniline incompatible materials
Incompatible with strong oxidizers, with risk of fire or explosions. Attacks some coatings and some forms of plastic and rubber. /Anisidines/
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
2-Methoxyaniline reactivity
O-ANISIDINE is sensitive to heat. It is also sensitive to exposure to light. This chemical is incompatible with strong oxidizers. It is also incompatible with acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides and chloroformates. It will attack some forms of plastics, rubber and coatings. (NTP, 1992).
Source: CAMEO Chemicals
Planning storage for a mix of chemicals? Check 2-Methoxyaniline in the storage compatibility matrix →
11 · Questions
2-Methoxyaniline — frequently asked questions
What is the CAS number of 2-Methoxyaniline?
The CAS number of 2-Methoxyaniline is 90-04-0. Its EC number is 201-963-1.
What is the chemical formula of 2-Methoxyaniline?
The molecular formula of 2-Methoxyaniline is C7H9NO and its molecular weight is 123.15 g/mol.
What does a 2-Methoxyaniline label have to show?
Under CLP Annex VI the label for 2-Methoxyaniline carries the pictograms Skull and crossbones and Health hazard and the signal word is Danger.
Is 2-Methoxyaniline flammable?
CLP Annex VI assigns 2-Methoxyaniline no flammability hazard class. That is not a statement that it cannot burn: the harmonised list only records the hazards that were assessed for it. The flash point reported for it is 118 °C (244.4 °F), open cup (HSDB).
Is 2-Methoxyaniline a carcinogen?
Yes. CLP Annex VI classifies 2-Methoxyaniline as a category 1A or 1B carcinogen and assigns it H350: may cause cancer. IARC places it in Group 2A: probably carcinogenic to humans.
What is the exposure limit for 2-Methoxyaniline?
The US occupational exposure limit reported for 2-Methoxyaniline is 0.5 [mg/m3] (Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases). Limits differ by country: the EU sets its own indicative and binding values, and the figure that applies at a given workplace is the one in the local regulation.
What is the boiling point of 2-Methoxyaniline?
The boiling point reported for 2-Methoxyaniline is 224 °C (435.2 °F) (HSDB).
What is the melting point of 2-Methoxyaniline?
The melting point reported for 2-Methoxyaniline is 6.2 °C (43.2 °F) (HSDB).
How should 2-Methoxyaniline be stored?
Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well ventilated area. Protect against sunlight and strong oxidizers. Metal containers involving the transfer of this chemical should be grounded and bonded. Where possible, automatically pump liquid from drums or other storage containers to process containers. Drums must be equipped with self-closing valves, pressure vacuum bungs, and flame arresters. Use only nonsparking tools and equipment, especially when opening and closing containers of this chemical. Sources of ignition, such as smoking and open flames, are prohibited where this chemical is used, handled, or stored in a manner that could create a potential fire or explosion hazard. A regulated, marked area should be established where this chemical is handled, used, or stored ... /Anisidines/ (Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB))
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