Substance profile
4-Nitrophenol
4-Nitrophenol is colorless to slightly yellow crystals and is odorless.
01 · Identification
What 4-Nitrophenol is
4-Nitrophenol is colorless to slightly yellow crystals and is odorless. Its molecular formula is C6H5NO3 and its molecular weight is 139.11 g/mol. It boils at 279 °C, melts at 114 °C, is very soluble in water.
Under the GHS it carries the signal word Warning. It is classed as hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs).
02 · Identifiers
4-Nitrophenol identifiers and molecular data
4-Nitrophenol CAS number and EC number
4-Nitrophenol molecular formula and molecular weight
Other names for 4-Nitrophenol
- p-nitrophenol
03 · GHS classification
4-Nitrophenol hazard classification
Harmonised classification under CLP Annex VI. This is the legally binding classification in the EU; other jurisdictions may differ.
4-Nitrophenol pictograms and signal word
4-Nitrophenol hazard class and category
| Hazard class | Category | From code | Pictogram |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acute toxicity - oral GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 4 | H302 | GHS07 |
| Acute toxicity - dermal GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 4 | H312 | GHS07 |
| Acute toxicity - inhalation GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 4 | H332 | GHS07 |
| Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure GHS chapter 3.9 | Category 2 | H373 | GHS08 |
4-Nitrophenol hazard statements (H-codes)
| Code | Hazard statement |
|---|---|
| H332 | Harmful if inhaled. |
| H312 | Harmful in contact with skin. |
| H302 | Harmful if swallowed. |
| H373 | May cause damage to organs <or state all organs affected, if known> through prolonged or repeated exposure <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>. |
This page lists only the codes assigned to 4-Nitrophenol. The full reference lives on the hazard statements hub, the precautionary statements hub and the GHS pictograms hub.
Safety Data Sheet
Getting an SDS for 4-Nitrophenol
A Safety Data Sheet is written for a product, not for a substance: the supplier of the grade you actually buy issues it, so two suppliers of 4-Nitrophenol issue two different sheets. That is why there is no single authoritative SDS for a substance to download — what there is, is the job of collecting the sheets for the products you hold and keeping them current as suppliers revise them.
04 · Precautionary statements
4-Nitrophenol precautionary statements
CLP Annex VI assigns 11 precautionary statements to 4-Nitrophenol. They are grouped the way a label groups them: what to do before handling, what to do when something has already happened, how to store it and how to dispose of it.
Prevention
What to do before and during handling so the hazard never happens.
Response
What to do once exposure, spillage or fire has already happened.
Reading the notation. … is a blank the supplier fills in — not a truncated sentence.· [square brackets] mark a part printed only when it applies.
05 · Names in the regulation
4-Nitrophenol name in 23 EU languages
CLP Annex VI Part 3 is published in every language edition of the regulation, and the identification column is written out in each of them. Nothing below is translated by us: each line is the name as that edition prints it. Under Art. 18(2) the substance name from Annex VI is a lawful product identifier, so this is the wording to put on a label going to that market — and where the cell lists several designations, any one of them qualifies.
| Language | Name in CLP Annex VI Part 3 |
|---|---|
| Bulgarian български | 4-нитрофенол p -нитрофенол |
| Spanish español | 4-Nitrofenol p -nitrofenol |
| Czech čeština | 4-nitrofenol p -nitrofenol |
| Danish dansk | 4-nitrophenol p -nitrophenol |
| German Deutsch | 4-Nitrophenol p -Nitrophenol |
| Estonian eesti | v 4-nitrofenool p -nitrofenool |
| Greek ελληνικά | 4-νιτροφαινόλη p -νιτροφαινόλη |
| English English | 4-nitrophenol p -nitrophenol |
| French français | 4-nitrophénol p -nitrophénol |
| Croatian hrvatski | 4-nitrofenol p -nitrofenol |
| Italian italiano | 4-nitrofenolo p -nitrofenolo |
| Latvian latviešu | 4-nitrofenols p -nitrofenols |
| Lithuanian lietuvių | 4-nitrofenolis p -nitrofenolis |
| Hungarian magyar | 4-nitrofenol p -nitrofenol |
| Maltese Malti | 4-nitrofenol p -nitrofenol |
| Dutch Nederlands | 4-nitrofenol p -nitrofenol |
| Polish polski | 4-nitrofenol p -nitrofenol |
| Portuguese português | 4-nitrofenol p -nitrofenol |
| Romanian română | 4-nitrofenol p -nitrofenol |
| Slovak slovenčina | 4-nitrofenol para -nitrofenol |
| Slovenian slovenščina | 4-nitrofenol p -nitrofenol |
| Finnish suomi | 4-nitrofenoli p -nitrofenoli |
| Swedish svenska | 4-nitrofenol p -nitrofenol |
All 23 language editions of Annex VI carry this entry. Irish is the twenty-fourth official EU language and has no line here for a different reason: no consolidated CLP text has ever been published in Irish, so there is no Irish edition of Annex VI to quote a name from. Source: consolidated CLP, CELEX 02008R1272, language editions. © European Union, https://eur-lex.europa.eu — only the electronic Official Journal of the European Union is authentic.
06 · Label elements
4-Nitrophenol GHS label elements
Everything CLP Annex VI fixes for 4-Nitrophenol, laid out the way it appears on a label. The greyed lines are the parts only the supplier can fill in.
Warning
4-Nitrophenol
- Harmful if inhaled.
- Harmful in contact with skin.
- Harmful if swallowed.
- May cause damage to organs <or state all organs affected, if known> through prolonged or repeated exposure <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>.
- Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
- Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
- Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
- Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/…
- IF SWALLOWED:
- IF ON SKIN:
- IF INHALED:
- Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/… if you feel unwell.
- Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
- Rinse mouth.
- Wash with plenty of water/…
Supplier name, address and telephone number· Product identifier·Nominal quantity
Need this as an actual label? Open 4-Nitrophenol in the GHS label constructor →
07 · Health hazards
4-Nitrophenol health hazards and exposure limits
4-Nitrophenol hazard summary
4-Nitrophenol is used to manufacture drugs, fungicides, insecticides, and dyes and to darken leather. Acute (short-term) inhalation or ingestion of 4-nitrophenol in humans causes headaches, drowsiness, nausea, and cyanosis (blue color in lips, ears, and fingernails). Contact with eyes causes irritation in humans. No information is available on the chronic (long-term) effects of 4-nitrophenol in humans or animals from inhalation or oral exposure. No information is available on the reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of 4-nitrophenol in humans. EPA has not classified 4-nitrophenol for potential carcinogenicity.
Source: EPA Hazardous Air Pollutants
4-Nitrophenol carcinogenicity classification
Under the conditions of these 18-month dermal studiesthere was no evidence of carcinogenic activity in male or female Swiss-Webster micereceiving 40, 80, or 160 mg/kg p-nitrophenol.
Source: US National Toxicology Program · TR-417: Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of p-Nitrophenol (CASRN 100-02-7) in Swiss-Webster Mice (Dermal Studies) (1993 )
Cancer Classification: Group D Not Classifiable as to Human Carcinogenicity
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
An IARC group and a CLP classification answer different questions. IARC judges whether the evidence for cancer in humans is strong enough; CLP Annex VI is the legally binding EU classification. A substance can carry one and not the other.
08 · Physical and chemical properties
4-Nitrophenol properties
Every value is shown with the conditions it was measured under and the source it came from. Where sources disagree, all values are listed rather than one being picked — the difference is usually a different form of the substance, not an error.
4-Nitrophenol boiling point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boiling point | 278.89 °C (534 °F) | OSHA | |
| 279 °C (534.2 °F) | decomposes, Decomposes | HSDB | |
| 278.89 °C (534 °F) | decomposes, at 760 mmHg | CAMEO |
4-Nitrophenol melting point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Melting point | 113.6 °C (236.5 °F) | DOE PAC | |
| 113.5 °C (236.3 °F) | range, midpoint shown | HSDB | |
| 113.89 °C (237 °F) | range, midpoint shown | CAMEO |
4-Nitrophenol density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | 1.5 g/cm³ | ICSC | |
| 1.479 g/cm³ | at 20 °C | HSDB | |
| 1.48 g/cm³ | at 20 °C | CAMEO |
4-Nitrophenol solubility
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | Freely soluble in alcohol, chloroform, ether; soluble in solution of fixed alkali hydroxides and carbonates | HSDB | |
| Very soluble in ethanol, ether, and acetone | HSDB | ||
| In water, 15,600 mg/L at 25 °C | at 25 °C | HSDB |
4-Nitrophenol vapor pressure
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor pressure | 0.0000979 mmHg | at 20 °C | HSDB |
| 1 mmHg | at 20 °C | CAMEO | |
| 0.000024 mmHg | at 20 °C | ICSC |
4-Nitrophenol flash point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flash point | 191.67 °C (377 °F) | CAMEO | |
| 169 °C (336.2 °F) | ICSC |
4-Nitrophenol autoignition temperature
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Autoignition temperature | 490 °C (914 °F) | ICSC |
4-Nitrophenol vapor density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor density | 1.244 (air = 1) | at 65 °C | CAMEO |
4-Nitrophenol odor threshold
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Odor threshold | 58.3 MG/L | HSDB | |
| Detection in air: 2.3 mg/cu m | HSDB | ||
| Detection in water: 2.5 mg/L | HSDB |
Values compiled from PubChem Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary. Temperatures converted to Fahrenheit for reference.
09 · Fire and explosion
4-Nitrophenol fire and explosion behaviour
These are descriptions rather than measured values, so they are kept out of the table above and quoted here with the source that reported them.
4-Nitrophenol fire potential
... Will burn even in absence of air.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
10 · Handling and storage
4-Nitrophenol storage and handling
4-Nitrophenol safe storage
Separated from combustible substances, reducing agents and food and feedstuffs. Well closed.
Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
4-Nitrophenol storage conditions
... KEEP ALL FLAMMABLES AWAY FROM AREA WHERE OXIDIZING AGENTS ARE STORED. ... AREA ... KEPT COOL & VENTILATED, & SHOULD BE FIREPROOFED.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
4-Nitrophenol incompatible materials
Mixtures with diethyl phosphite may explode when heated.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
4-Nitrophenol reactivity
4-NITROPHENOL is a slightly yellow, crystalline material, moderately toxic. Mixtures with diethyl phosphite may explode when heated. Decomposes exothermally, emits toxic fumes of oxides of nitrogen [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 941]. Decomposes violently at 279 °C and will burn even in absence of air (USCG, 1999). Solid mixtures of the nitrophenol and potassium hydroxide (1:1.5 mol) readily deflagrate [Bretherick, 5th Ed., 1995].
Source: CAMEO Chemicals
Planning storage for a mix of chemicals? Check 4-Nitrophenol in the storage compatibility matrix →
11 · Questions
4-Nitrophenol — frequently asked questions
What is the CAS number of 4-Nitrophenol?
The CAS number of 4-Nitrophenol is 100-02-7. Its EC number is 202-811-7.
What is the chemical formula of 4-Nitrophenol?
The molecular formula of 4-Nitrophenol is C6H5NO3 and its molecular weight is 139.11 g/mol.
What does a 4-Nitrophenol label have to show?
Under CLP Annex VI the label for 4-Nitrophenol carries the pictograms Health hazard and Exclamation mark and the signal word is Warning.
Is 4-Nitrophenol flammable?
CLP Annex VI assigns 4-Nitrophenol no flammability hazard class. That is not a statement that it cannot burn: the harmonised list only records the hazards that were assessed for it. The flash point reported for it is 191.67 °C (377 °F) (CAMEO).
Is 4-Nitrophenol a carcinogen?
CLP Annex VI records no harmonised carcinogenicity classification for 4-Nitrophenol. Annex VI is a list of agreed classifications, not a list of substances found safe, so this is an absence of a classification rather than a clean bill of health.
What is the boiling point of 4-Nitrophenol?
The boiling point reported for 4-Nitrophenol is 278.89 °C (534 °F) (OSHA).
What is the melting point of 4-Nitrophenol?
The melting point reported for 4-Nitrophenol is 113.6 °C (236.5 °F) (DOE PAC).
How should 4-Nitrophenol be stored?
... KEEP ALL FLAMMABLES AWAY FROM AREA WHERE OXIDIZING AGENTS ARE STORED. ... AREA ... KEPT COOL & VENTILATED, & SHOULD BE FIREPROOFED. (Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB))
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