Substance profile
Piperidine
Piperidine is a clear, colorless liquid with an amine-like odor.
01 · Identification
What Piperidine is
Piperidine is a clear, colorless liquid with an amine-like odor. Its molecular formula is C5H11N and its molecular weight is 85.15 g/mol. It boils at 106 °C, melts at -7 °C, is miscible with water.
Under the GHS it carries the signal word Danger. It is classed as flammable agents - 3rd degree.
02 · Identifiers
Piperidine identifiers and molecular data
Piperidine CAS number and EC number
Piperidine molecular formula and molecular weight
03 · GHS classification
Piperidine hazard classification
Harmonised classification under CLP Annex VI. This is the legally binding classification in the EU; other jurisdictions may differ.
Piperidine pictograms and signal word
Piperidine hazard class and category
| Hazard class | Category | From code | Pictogram |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flammable liquids GHS chapter 2.6 | Category 2 | H225 | GHS02 |
| Acute toxicity - dermal GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 3 | H311 | GHS06 |
| Acute toxicity - inhalation GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 3 | H331 | GHS06 |
| Skin corrosion/irritation GHS chapter 3.2 | Category 1A or 1B or 1C | H314 | GHS05 |
Where two values are shown with “or”, the hazard statement is shared by more than one category or by more than one class, and the code alone does not say which. H272, for example, belongs to oxidising liquids and to oxidising solids — the physical state decides. The binding answer for a specific entry is in the CLP Annex VI table itself.
Piperidine hazard statements (H-codes)
| Code | Hazard statement |
|---|---|
| H225 | Highly flammable liquid and vapour. |
| H331 | Toxic if inhaled. |
| H311 | Toxic in contact with skin. |
| H314 | Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. |
This page lists only the codes assigned to Piperidine. The full reference lives on the hazard statements hub, the precautionary statements hub and the GHS pictograms hub.
Safety Data Sheet
Getting an SDS for Piperidine
A Safety Data Sheet is written for a product, not for a substance: the supplier of the grade you actually buy issues it, so two suppliers of Piperidine issue two different sheets. That is why there is no single authoritative SDS for a substance to download — what there is, is the job of collecting the sheets for the products you hold and keeping them current as suppliers revise them.
04 · Precautionary statements
Piperidine precautionary statements
CLP Annex VI assigns 14 precautionary statements to Piperidine. They are grouped the way a label groups them: what to do before handling, what to do when something has already happened, how to store it and how to dispose of it.
Prevention
What to do before and during handling so the hazard never happens.
Response
What to do once exposure, spillage or fire has already happened.
Reading the notation. … is a blank the supplier fills in — not a truncated sentence.· [square brackets] mark a part printed only when it applies.
05 · Names in the regulation
Piperidine name in 23 EU languages
CLP Annex VI Part 3 is published in every language edition of the regulation, and the identification column is written out in each of them. Nothing below is translated by us: each line is the name as that edition prints it. Under Art. 18(2) the substance name from Annex VI is a lawful product identifier, so this is the wording to put on a label going to that market — and where the cell lists several designations, any one of them qualifies.
| Language | Name in CLP Annex VI Part 3 |
|---|---|
| Bulgarian български | пиперидин |
| Spanish español | Piperidina |
| Czech čeština | piperidin |
| Danish dansk | piperidin |
| German Deutsch | Piperidin |
| Estonian eesti | piperidiin |
| Greek ελληνικά | πιπεριδίνη |
| English English | piperidine |
| French français | pipéridine |
| Croatian hrvatski | piperidin |
| Italian italiano | piperidina |
| Latvian latviešu | piperidīns |
| Lithuanian lietuvių | piperidinas |
| Hungarian magyar | piperidin |
| Maltese Malti | piperidina |
| Dutch Nederlands | piperidine |
| Polish polski | piperydyna |
| Portuguese português | piperidina |
| Romanian română | piperidină |
| Slovak slovenčina | piperidín |
| Slovenian slovenščina | piperidin |
| Finnish suomi | piperidiini |
| Swedish svenska | piperidin |
All 23 language editions of Annex VI carry this entry. Irish is the twenty-fourth official EU language and has no line here for a different reason: no consolidated CLP text has ever been published in Irish, so there is no Irish edition of Annex VI to quote a name from. Source: consolidated CLP, CELEX 02008R1272, language editions. © European Union, https://eur-lex.europa.eu — only the electronic Official Journal of the European Union is authentic.
06 · Label elements
Piperidine GHS label elements
Everything CLP Annex VI fixes for Piperidine, laid out the way it appears on a label. The greyed lines are the parts only the supplier can fill in.
Danger
Piperidine
- Highly flammable liquid and vapour.
- Toxic if inhaled.
- Toxic in contact with skin.
- Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
- Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
- Keep container tightly closed.
- Use explosion-proof [electrical/ventilating/lighting/…] equipment.
- Use only non-sparking tools.
- Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
- Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
- Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/…
- IF SWALLOWED:
- IF ON SKIN:
- IF INHALED:
- Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…
- Do NOT induce vomiting.
- Wash with plenty of water/…
- Store in a well-ventilated place.
Supplier name, address and telephone number· Product identifier·Nominal quantity
Need this as an actual label? Open Piperidine in the GHS label constructor →
07 · Health hazards
Piperidine health hazards and exposure limits
Piperidine hazard summary
Corrosive to skin; [Quick CPC] High inhalation exposure can cause pulmonary edema; [ICSC] Signs of toxicity in acute animal studies included respiratory distress, ataxia, weakness, paralysis, and convulsions; For humans, the irritation threshold is 26 ppm; workers can tolerate levels of 2-5 ppm for only a short period because of the odor; [AIHA] Oral doses of 30-60 mg/kg may cause weakness, vomiting, labored respiration, muscular paralysis, and asphyxia; [NTP] Safe when used as a flavoring agent in food; [JECFA] A skin sensitizer in guinea pigs; [EPA ChAMP] Causes impaired liver function tests in repeated dose inhalation studies of rats; [RTECS]
Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
08 · Physical and chemical properties
Piperidine properties
Every value is shown with the conditions it was measured under and the source it came from. Where sources disagree, all values are listed rather than one being picked — the difference is usually a different form of the substance, not an error.
Piperidine boiling point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boiling point | 106 °C (222.8 °F) | at 760 mmHg | HSDB |
| 106.11 °C (223 °F) | at 760 mmHg | CAMEO | |
| 106 °C (222.8 °F) | ICSC |
Piperidine melting point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Melting point | -7 °C (19.4 °F) | HSDB | |
| -9 °C (15.8 °F) | DOE PAC |
Piperidine density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | 0.86 g/cm³ | ICSC | |
| 0.8622 g/cm³ | at 20 °C | HSDB |
Piperidine solubility
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | Miscible in ethanol; soluble in ethyl ether, acetone, benzene, chloroform | HSDB | |
| Miscible in water | HSDB | ||
| Miscible (NTP, 1992) | CAMEO |
Piperidine vapor pressure
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor pressure | 32.1 mmHg | at 25 °C | HSDB |
| 40 mmHg | at 29.2 °C | HSDB |
Piperidine flash point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flash point | 16.11 °C (61 °F) | HSDB | |
| 16 °C (60.8 °F) | ICSC | ||
| 9.56 °C (49.2 °F) | range, midpoint shown | CAMEO |
Piperidine lower explosive limit (LEL)
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lower explosive limit (LEL) | This substance ... evolves explosive concentrations of vapor at normal room temperatures. | HSDB |
Piperidine vapor density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor density | 3 (air = 1) | HSDB |
Piperidine odor threshold
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Odor threshold | Odor threshold <2 ppm by volume | Haz-Map |
Values compiled from PubChem Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary. Temperatures converted to Fahrenheit for reference.
09 · Fire and explosion
Piperidine fire and explosion behaviour
These are descriptions rather than measured values, so they are kept out of the table above and quoted here with the source that reported them.
Piperidine fire potential
This substance ... evolves explosive concentrations of vapor at normal room temperatures.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
10 · Handling and storage
Piperidine storage and handling
Piperidine safe storage
Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants, acids and incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers.
Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
Piperidine storage conditions
Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants, acids, incompatible materials See Chemical Dangers.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Piperidine incompatible materials
Piperidine is a medium strong base. Reacts violently with oxidizers.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Piperidine reactivity
PIPERIDINE neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
Source: CAMEO Chemicals
Planning storage for a mix of chemicals? Check Piperidine in the storage compatibility matrix →
11 · Transport
Piperidine UN number and transport classification
Transport classification is a separate system from the GHS classification above. It decides how a package is marked and how a load may be carried; it does not follow from the workplace label, and the workplace label does not follow from it. The entries below are linked by CAS number, never by name.
Piperidine under UN 2401 — shipping name, class and packing group
Europe · ADR 2025, Table A
| Proper shipping name (3.1.2) | Class | Classification code | PG | Labels (column 5) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PIPERIDINE | 8 | CF1 | I | |
Source: ADR 2025, Table A of Chapter 3.2 · ECE/TRANS/352 Vol. I (UNECE). Class 8 is “Corrosive substances” (ADR 2.1.1.1).
United States · 49 CFR 172.101 Hazardous Materials Table
| Proper shipping name (column 2) | Class or division | PG | Labels (column 6) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Piperidine | 8 | I | |
Source: 49 CFR 172.101 Hazardous Materials Table · eCFR, revision 2026-08-03. Class 8 is “Corrosive material” (49 CFR 173.2).
12 · Questions
Piperidine — frequently asked questions
What is the CAS number of Piperidine?
The CAS number of Piperidine is 110-89-4. Its EC number is 203-813-0.
What is the chemical formula of Piperidine?
The molecular formula of Piperidine is C5H11N and its molecular weight is 85.15 g/mol.
What does a Piperidine label have to show?
Under CLP Annex VI the label for Piperidine carries the pictograms Flame, Skull and crossbones and Corrosion and the signal word is Danger.
Is Piperidine flammable?
Yes. CLP Annex VI assigns Piperidine H225 — highly flammable liquid and vapour. The flash point reported for it is 16.11 °C (61 °F) (HSDB).
Is Piperidine a carcinogen?
CLP Annex VI records no harmonised carcinogenicity classification for Piperidine. Annex VI is a list of agreed classifications, not a list of substances found safe, so this is an absence of a classification rather than a clean bill of health.
What is the boiling point of Piperidine?
The boiling point reported for Piperidine is 106 °C (222.8 °F), at 760 mmHg (HSDB).
What is the melting point of Piperidine?
The melting point reported for Piperidine is -7 °C (19.4 °F) (HSDB).
How should Piperidine be stored?
CLP Annex VI assigns Piperidine the storage statement P403. Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants, acids, incompatible materials See Chemical Dangers. (Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB))
Nearby
Substances next to Piperidine
Keep going: substances starting with P, or search the whole database by name, CAS number, pictogram or signal word.