Substance profile
1,2-Epoxybutane
1,2-Epoxybutane is a colorless liquid with a disagreeable odor.
01 · Identification
What 1,2-Epoxybutane is
1,2-Epoxybutane is a colorless liquid with a disagreeable odor. Its molecular formula is C4H8O and its molecular weight is 72.11 g/mol. It boils at 63.4 °C, melts at -150 °C.
Under the GHS it carries the signal word Danger. It is classed as hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs).
02 · Identifiers
1,2-Epoxybutane identifiers and molecular data
1,2-Epoxybutane CAS number and EC number
1,2-Epoxybutane molecular formula and molecular weight
03 · GHS classification
1,2-Epoxybutane hazard classification
Harmonised classification under CLP Annex VI. This is the legally binding classification in the EU; other jurisdictions may differ.
1,2-Epoxybutane pictograms and signal word
1,2-Epoxybutane hazard class and category
| Hazard class | Category | From code | Pictogram |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flammable liquids GHS chapter 2.6 | Category 2 | H225 | GHS02 |
| Acute toxicity - oral GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 4 | H302 | GHS07 |
| Acute toxicity - dermal GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 4 | H312 | GHS07 |
| Acute toxicity - inhalation GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 4 | H332 | GHS07 |
| Skin corrosion/irritation GHS chapter 3.2 | Category 2 | H315 | GHS07 |
| Serious eye damage/eye irritation GHS chapter 3.3 | Category 2A | H319 | GHS07 |
| Carcinogenicity GHS chapter 3.6 | Category 2 | H351 | GHS08 |
| Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure GHS chapter 3.8 | Category 3 | H335 | GHS07 |
1,2-Epoxybutane hazard statements (H-codes)
| Code | Hazard statement |
|---|---|
| H225 | Highly flammable liquid and vapour. |
| H351 | Suspected of causing cancer <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>. |
| H332 | Harmful if inhaled. |
| H312 | Harmful in contact with skin. |
| H302 | Harmful if swallowed. |
| H335 | May cause respiratory irritation. |
| H315 | Causes skin irritation. |
| H319 | Causes serious eye irritation. |
This page lists only the codes assigned to 1,2-Epoxybutane. The full reference lives on the hazard statements hub, the precautionary statements hub and the GHS pictograms hub.
Safety Data Sheet
Getting an SDS for 1,2-Epoxybutane
A Safety Data Sheet is written for a product, not for a substance: the supplier of the grade you actually buy issues it, so two suppliers of 1,2-Epoxybutane issue two different sheets. That is why there is no single authoritative SDS for a substance to download — what there is, is the job of collecting the sheets for the products you hold and keeping them current as suppliers revise them.
04 · Precautionary statements
1,2-Epoxybutane precautionary statements
CLP Annex VI assigns 23 precautionary statements to 1,2-Epoxybutane. They are grouped the way a label groups them: what to do before handling, what to do when something has already happened, how to store it and how to dispose of it.
Prevention
What to do before and during handling so the hazard never happens.
Response
What to do once exposure, spillage or fire has already happened.
Reading the notation. … is a blank the supplier fills in — not a truncated sentence.· [square brackets] mark a part printed only when it applies.
05 · Names in the regulation
1,2-Epoxybutane name in 23 EU languages
CLP Annex VI Part 3 is published in every language edition of the regulation, and the identification column is written out in each of them. Nothing below is translated by us: each line is the name as that edition prints it. Under Art. 18(2) the substance name from Annex VI is a lawful product identifier, so this is the wording to put on a label going to that market — and where the cell lists several designations, any one of them qualifies.
| Language | Name in CLP Annex VI Part 3 |
|---|---|
| Bulgarian български | 1,2-епоксибутан |
| Spanish español | 1,2-epoxibutano |
| Czech čeština | 1,2-epoxybutan |
| Danish dansk | 1,2-epoxybutan |
| German Deutsch | 1,2-Epoxybutan |
| Estonian eesti | 1,2-epoksübutaan |
| Greek ελληνικά | 1,2-εποξυβουτάνιο |
| English English | 1,2-epoxybutane |
| French français | 1,2-époxybutane |
| Croatian hrvatski | 1,2-epoksibutan |
| Italian italiano | 1,2-epossibutano |
| Latvian latviešu | 1,2-epoksibutāns |
| Lithuanian lietuvių | 1,2-epoksibutanas |
| Hungarian magyar | 1,2-epoxi-bután |
| Maltese Malti | 1,2-epossibutan |
| Dutch Nederlands | 1,2-epoxybutaan |
| Polish polski | 1,2-epoksybutan |
| Portuguese português | 1,2-epoxibutano |
| Romanian română | 1,2-epoxibutan |
| Slovak slovenčina | etyloxirán |
| Slovenian slovenščina | 1,2-epoksibutan |
| Finnish suomi | 1,2-Epoksibutaani |
| Swedish svenska | 1,2-epoxibutan etyloxiran |
All 23 language editions of Annex VI carry this entry. Irish is the twenty-fourth official EU language and has no line here for a different reason: no consolidated CLP text has ever been published in Irish, so there is no Irish edition of Annex VI to quote a name from. Source: consolidated CLP, CELEX 02008R1272, language editions. © European Union, https://eur-lex.europa.eu — only the electronic Official Journal of the European Union is authentic.
06 · Label elements
1,2-Epoxybutane GHS label elements
Everything CLP Annex VI fixes for 1,2-Epoxybutane, laid out the way it appears on a label. The greyed lines are the parts only the supplier can fill in.
Danger
1,2-Epoxybutane
- Highly flammable liquid and vapour.
- Suspected of causing cancer <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>.
- Harmful if inhaled.
- Harmful in contact with skin.
- Harmful if swallowed.
- May cause respiratory irritation.
- Causes skin irritation.
- Causes serious eye irritation.
- Obtain special instructions before use.
- Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
- Keep container tightly closed.
- Use explosion-proof [electrical/ventilating/lighting/…] equipment.
- Use only non-sparking tools.
- Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
- Wash … thoroughly after handling.
- Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
- Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
- Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/…
- IF SWALLOWED:
- IF ON SKIN:
- IF INHALED:
- IF IN EYES:
- IF exposed or concerned:
- Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/… if you feel unwell.
- Get medical advice/attention.
- Rinse mouth.
- If skin irritation occurs:
- If eye irritation persists:
- Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
- Wash with plenty of water/…
- Store in a well-ventilated place.
Supplier name, address and telephone number· Product identifier·Nominal quantity
Need this as an actual label? Open 1,2-Epoxybutane in the GHS label constructor →
07 · Health hazards
1,2-Epoxybutane health hazards and exposure limits
1,2-Epoxybutane hazard summary
1,2-Epoxybutane is primarily used as a stabilizer in chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents. No information is available on the acute (short-term), chronic (long-term), reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of 1,2-epoxybutane in humans. Irritation and inflammation of the nasal passageways, lungs, and skin have been observed in animal studies following acute inhalation and dermal exposures. Chronic inhalation exposure of rats and mice to 1,2-epoxybutane causes degenerative lesions of the nasal cavity. In a National Toxicology Program (NTP) study, tumors of the nasal cavity and alveolar/bronchial tumors were produced in rats, while no tumors were observed in mice. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified 1,2-epoxybutane as a Group 2B, possibly carcinogenic to humans.
Source: EPA Hazardous Air Pollutants
1,2-Epoxybutane carcinogenicity classification
Under the conditions of these 2-year inhalation studies, there was clear evidence of carcinogenic activity of 1,2-epoxybutane for male F344/N rats, as shown by an increased incidence of papillary adenomas of the nasal cavity, alveolar/bronchiolar carcinomas, and alveolar/bronchiolar adenomas and carcinomas (combined). There was equivocal evidence of carcinogenic activity for female F344/N rats, as shown by the presence of papillary adenomas of the nasal cavity. There was no evidence of carcinogenic activity for male or female B6C3F1 mice exposed at 50 or 100 ppm. 1,2-Epoxybutane exposure was associated with adenomatous hyperplasia and inflammatory lesions of the nasal cavity in rats and inflammatory lesions of the nasal cavity in mice.
Source: US National Toxicology Program · TR-329: Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of 1,2-Epoxybutane (CASRN 106-88-7) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Inhalation Studies) (1988 )
Evaluation: No epidemiological data relevant to the carcinogenicity of 1,2-epoxybutane were available. There is limited evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of 1,2-epoxybutane. Overall evaluation: 1,2-Epoxybutane is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). In making the overall evaluation, the Working Group took into consideration that 1,2-epoxybutane is a direct acting alkylating agent which is mutagenic in a range of test systems.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
An IARC group and a CLP classification answer different questions. IARC judges whether the evidence for cancer in humans is strong enough; CLP Annex VI is the legally binding EU classification. A substance can carry one and not the other.
08 · Physical and chemical properties
1,2-Epoxybutane properties
Every value is shown with the conditions it was measured under and the source it came from. Where sources disagree, all values are listed rather than one being picked — the difference is usually a different form of the substance, not an error.
1,2-Epoxybutane boiling point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boiling point | 63.4 °C (146.1 °F) | HSDB | |
| 62.78 °C (145 °F) | at 760 mmHg | CAMEO | |
| 63.3 °C (145.9 °F) | ICSC |
1,2-Epoxybutane melting point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Melting point | -150 °C (-238 °F) | HSDB | |
| -60 °C (-76 °F) | CAMEO |
1,2-Epoxybutane density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | 0.83 g/cm³ | ICSC | |
| 0.8297 g/cm³ | at 20 °C | HSDB | |
| 0.826 g/cm³ | at 25 °C | CAMEO |
1,2-Epoxybutane solubility
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | In water, 59 g/L at 20 °C | at 20 °C | HSDB |
| In water, 95.5 g/L at 25 °C (OECD Method 105) | at 25 °C | HSDB | |
| In water, 8.68 g/100 g water at 25 °C | at 25 °C | HSDB |
1,2-Epoxybutane vapor pressure
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor pressure | 170 mmHg | at 24 °C | HSDB |
| 141.012 mmHg | at 20 °C | ICSC | |
| 180 mmHg | at 25 °C | DOE PAC |
1,2-Epoxybutane flash point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flash point | -21.67 °C (-7 °F) | HSDB | |
| -12.22 °C (10 °F) | CAMEO | ||
| -22 °C (-7.6 °F) | ICSC |
1,2-Epoxybutane autoignition temperature
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Autoignition temperature | 438.89 °C (822 °F) | HSDB | |
| 515 °C (959 °F) | CAMEO | ||
| 370 °C (698 °F) | ICSC |
1,2-Epoxybutane lower explosive limit (LEL)
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lower explosive limit (LEL) | 1.7 % by volume | HSDB | |
| 1.5 % by volume | HSDB |
1,2-Epoxybutane upper explosive limit (UEL)
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Upper explosive limit (UEL) | 19 % by volume | HSDB | |
| 18.3 % by volume | HSDB |
1,2-Epoxybutane vapor density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor density | 2.49 (air = 1) | HSDB | |
| 2.2 (air = 1) | ICSC |
1,2-Epoxybutane odor threshold
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Odor threshold | Odor Threshold Low: 0.07 [ppm] | Haz-Map | |
| Odor Threshold High: 0.71 [ppm] | Haz-Map | ||
| [ICSC] Odor threshold low (absolute perception limit), and high (recognition) from CHEMINFO | Haz-Map |
Values compiled from PubChem Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary. Temperatures converted to Fahrenheit for reference.
09 · Fire and explosion
1,2-Epoxybutane fire and explosion behaviour
These are descriptions rather than measured values, so they are kept out of the table above and quoted here with the source that reported them.
1,2-Epoxybutane fire potential
Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame or powerful oxidizers.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
10 · Handling and storage
1,2-Epoxybutane storage and handling
1,2-Epoxybutane safe storage
Fireproof. Separated from incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Cool. Store only if stabilized. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.
Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
1,2-Epoxybutane storage conditions
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities: Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carfully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
1,2-Epoxybutane incompatible materials
Incompatible materials: Oxidizing agents.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
1,2-Epoxybutane reactivity
Epoxides, such as 1,2-BUTYLENE OXIDE, are highly reactive. They polymerize in the presence of catalysts or when heated. Contact with anhydrous metal halides; amino, hydroxyl and carboxyl functions; inorganic acids and charcoal may cause polymerization. These polymerization reactions can be violent. Compounds in this group react with acids, bases, and oxidizing and reducing agents. They react, possibly violently with water in the presence of acid and other catalysts.
Source: CAMEO Chemicals
Planning storage for a mix of chemicals? Check 1,2-Epoxybutane in the storage compatibility matrix →
11 · Questions
1,2-Epoxybutane — frequently asked questions
What is the CAS number of 1,2-Epoxybutane?
The CAS number of 1,2-Epoxybutane is 106-88-7. Its EC number is 203-438-2.
What is the chemical formula of 1,2-Epoxybutane?
The molecular formula of 1,2-Epoxybutane is C4H8O and its molecular weight is 72.11 g/mol.
What does a 1,2-Epoxybutane label have to show?
Under CLP Annex VI the label for 1,2-Epoxybutane carries the pictograms Flame, Health hazard and Exclamation mark and the signal word is Danger.
Is 1,2-Epoxybutane flammable?
Yes. CLP Annex VI assigns 1,2-Epoxybutane H225 — highly flammable liquid and vapour. The flash point reported for it is -21.67 °C (-7 °F) (HSDB).
Is 1,2-Epoxybutane a carcinogen?
CLP Annex VI assigns 1,2-Epoxybutane H351 — suspected of causing cancer. That is category 2: the evidence points that way but is not conclusive. IARC places it in Group 2B: possibly carcinogenic to humans.
What is the boiling point of 1,2-Epoxybutane?
The boiling point reported for 1,2-Epoxybutane is 63.4 °C (146.1 °F) (HSDB).
What is the melting point of 1,2-Epoxybutane?
The melting point reported for 1,2-Epoxybutane is -150 °C (-238 °F) (HSDB).
How should 1,2-Epoxybutane be stored?
CLP Annex VI assigns 1,2-Epoxybutane the storage statement P403. Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities: Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carfully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. (Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB))
Nearby
Substances next to 1,2-Epoxybutane
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