Substance profile
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene is monoclinic prisms with a sweet odor.
01 · Identification
What 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene is
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene is monoclinic prisms with a sweet odor. Its molecular formula is C6H4ClNO2 and its molecular weight is 157.55 g/mol. It boils at 242 °C, melts at 83.3 °C, is soluble in water.
Under the GHS it carries the signal word Danger. It is classed as reactive agents - 3rd degree.
02 · Identifiers
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene identifiers and molecular data
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene CAS number and EC number
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene molecular formula and molecular weight
03 · GHS classification
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene hazard classification
Harmonised classification under CLP Annex VI. This is the legally binding classification in the EU; other jurisdictions may differ.
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene pictograms and signal word
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene hazard class and category
| Hazard class | Category | From code | Pictogram |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acute toxicity - oral GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 3 | H301 | GHS06 |
| Acute toxicity - dermal GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 3 | H311 | GHS06 |
| Acute toxicity - inhalation GHS chapter 3.1 | Category 3 | H331 | GHS06 |
| Germ cell mutagenicity GHS chapter 3.5 | Category 2 | H341 | GHS08 |
| Carcinogenicity GHS chapter 3.6 | Category 2 | H351 | GHS08 |
| Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure GHS chapter 3.9 | Category 2 | H373 | GHS08 |
| Hazardous to the aquatic environment - chronic GHS chapter 4.1 | Category 2 | H411 | GHS09 |
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene hazard statements (H-codes)
| Code | Hazard statement |
|---|---|
| H351 | Suspected of causing cancer <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>. |
| H341 | Suspected of causing genetic defects <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>. |
| H331 | Toxic if inhaled. |
| H311 | Toxic in contact with skin. |
| H301 | Toxic if swallowed. |
| H373 | May cause damage to organs <or state all organs affected, if known> through prolonged or repeated exposure <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>. |
| H411 | Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. |
This page lists only the codes assigned to 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene. The full reference lives on the hazard statements hub, the precautionary statements hub and the GHS pictograms hub.
Safety Data Sheet
Getting an SDS for 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene
A Safety Data Sheet is written for a product, not for a substance: the supplier of the grade you actually buy issues it, so two suppliers of 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzen… issue two different sheets. That is why there is no single authoritative SDS for a substance to download — what there is, is the job of collecting the sheets for the products you hold and keeping them current as suppliers revise them.
04 · Precautionary statements
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene precautionary statements
CLP Annex VI assigns 17 precautionary statements to 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene. They are grouped the way a label groups them: what to do before handling, what to do when something has already happened, how to store it and how to dispose of it.
Prevention
What to do before and during handling so the hazard never happens.
Response
What to do once exposure, spillage or fire has already happened.
Disposal
What has to happen to the contents and the empty container.
Reading the notation. … is a blank the supplier fills in — not a truncated sentence.· [square brackets] mark a part printed only when it applies.
05 · Names in the regulation
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene name in 23 EU languages
CLP Annex VI Part 3 is published in every language edition of the regulation, and the identification column is written out in each of them. Nothing below is translated by us: each line is the name as that edition prints it. Under Art. 18(2) the substance name from Annex VI is a lawful product identifier, so this is the wording to put on a label going to that market — and where the cell lists several designations, any one of them qualifies.
| Language | Name in CLP Annex VI Part 3 |
|---|---|
| Bulgarian български | 4-нитро-1-хлоробензен |
| Spanish español | 1-Cloro-4-nitrobenceno |
| Czech čeština | 1-chlor-4-nitrobenzen |
| Danish dansk | 1-chlor-4-nitrobenzen |
| German Deutsch | 1-Chlor-4-nitrobenzol p-Chlornitrobenzol |
| Estonian eesti | 1-kloro-4-nitrobenseen |
| Greek ελληνικά | 1-χλωρο-4-νιτρoβενζόλιο |
| English English | 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene |
| French français | 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzène |
| Croatian hrvatski | 1-klor-4-nitrobenzen |
| Italian italiano | 1-cloro-4-nitrobenzene |
| Latvian latviešu | 1-hlor-4-nitrobenzols |
| Lithuanian lietuvių | 1-chlor-4-nitrobenzenas |
| Hungarian magyar | 1-klór-4-nitrobenzol |
| Maltese Malti | 1-kloro-4-nitrobenżen |
| Dutch Nederlands | 1-chloor-4-nitrobenzeen |
| Polish polski | 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzen p -chloronitrobenzen |
| Portuguese português | 1-cloro-4-nitrobenzeno |
| Romanian română | 1-cloro-4-nitrobenzen |
| Slovak slovenčina | 1-chlór-4-nitrobenzén |
| Slovenian slovenščina | 1-kloro-4-nitrobenzen |
| Finnish suomi | 1-kloori-4-nitrobentseeni |
| Swedish svenska | 1-klor-4-nitrobensen |
All 23 language editions of Annex VI carry this entry. Irish is the twenty-fourth official EU language and has no line here for a different reason: no consolidated CLP text has ever been published in Irish, so there is no Irish edition of Annex VI to quote a name from. Source: consolidated CLP, CELEX 02008R1272, language editions. © European Union, https://eur-lex.europa.eu — only the electronic Official Journal of the European Union is authentic.
06 · Label elements
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene GHS label elements
Everything CLP Annex VI fixes for 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene, laid out the way it appears on a label. The greyed lines are the parts only the supplier can fill in.
Danger
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene
- Suspected of causing cancer <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>.
- Suspected of causing genetic defects <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>.
- Toxic if inhaled.
- Toxic in contact with skin.
- Toxic if swallowed.
- May cause damage to organs <or state all organs affected, if known> through prolonged or repeated exposure <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>.
- Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
- Obtain special instructions before use.
- Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
- Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
- Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
- Avoid release to the environment.
- Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/…
- IF SWALLOWED:
- IF ON SKIN:
- IF INHALED:
- IF exposed or concerned:
- Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…
- Get medical advice/attention.
- Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
- Rinse mouth.
- Wash with plenty of water/…
- Collect spillage.
- Dispose of contents/container to …
Supplier name, address and telephone number· Product identifier·Nominal quantity
Need this as an actual label? Open 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene in the GHS label constructor →
07 · Health hazards
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene health hazards and exposure limits
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene hazard summary
Listed in a table of Industrial Chemicals for Which Methemoglobin Formation is the Principal Cause of Toxicity; liver injury seen in subchronic animal studies; [ACGIH] Can induce methemoglobinemia; May cause skin sensitization; [ICSC]
Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene carcinogenicity classification
Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of chloronitrobenzenes. There is inadequate evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of chloronitrobenzenes. Overall evaluation: Chloronitrobenzenes are not classifiable as to their carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3). /Chloronitrobenzenes/
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
An IARC group and a CLP classification answer different questions. IARC judges whether the evidence for cancer in humans is strong enough; CLP Annex VI is the legally binding EU classification. A substance can carry one and not the other.
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene occupational exposure limits
| Limit | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| PEL | 1.0 [mg/m3] | Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases |
| PEL | 1 mg/m³ | Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) |
| PEL | TWA 1 mg/m3 [skin] | The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) |
| REL | Ca See Appendix A [skin] | The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) |
| IDLH | 100 mg/m3 ; A potential occupational carcinogen. (NIOSH, 2024) | CAMEO Chemicals |
| IDLH | 100.0 [mg/m3] | Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases |
| IDLH | NIOSH considers p-nitrochlorobenzene to be a potential occupational carcinogen. | Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) |
These are United States values. The European Union sets its own indicative and binding limits, and the figure that applies at a given workplace is the one in the local regulation — not the one shown here.
08 · Physical and chemical properties
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene properties
Every value is shown with the conditions it was measured under and the source it came from. Where sources disagree, all values are listed rather than one being picked — the difference is usually a different form of the substance, not an error.
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene boiling point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boiling point | 242 °C (467.6 °F) | at 760 mmHg | HSDB |
| 242.22 °C (468 °F) | NIOSH | ||
| 242.22 °C (468 °F) | at 760 mmHg | CAMEO |
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene melting point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Melting point | 83.33 °C (182 °F) | NIOSH | |
| 83.61 °C (182.5 °F) | CAMEO |
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | 1.52 g/cm³ | HSDB | |
| 1.3 g/cm³ | ICSC |
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene solubility
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | Sparingly sol in cold alc and freely in boiling alcohol, ether, carbon disulfide. | HSDB | |
| Soluble in organic solvents | HSDB | ||
| In water, 225 mg/L at 20 °C | at 20 °C | HSDB |
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene vapor pressure
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor pressure | 0.0219 mmHg | at 25 °C | HSDB |
| 0.09 mmHg | at 25 °C | CAMEO | |
| 0.2 mmHg | at 30 °C | NIOSH |
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene flash point
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flash point | 127.22 °C (261 °F) | HSDB |
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene autoignition temperature
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Autoignition temperature | 510 °C (950 °F) | ICSC |
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene lower explosive limit (LEL)
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lower explosive limit (LEL) | Solid that does not burn, or burns with difficulty. | NIOSH |
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene vapor density
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vapor density | 5.44 (air = 1) | HSDB |
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene critical temperature and pressure
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Critical temperature and pressure | 477.85 °C (892.1 °F) | HSDB |
Values compiled from PubChem Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary. Temperatures converted to Fahrenheit for reference.
09 · Fire and explosion
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene fire and explosion behaviour
These are descriptions rather than measured values, so they are kept out of the table above and quoted here with the source that reported them.
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene fire potential
FIRE HAZARD SLIGHT WHEN EXPOSED TO HEAT OR FLAME.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
10 · Handling and storage
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene storage and handling
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene safe storage
Separated from combustible substances, reducing agents and food and feedstuffs. Ventilation along the floor. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing.
Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene storage conditions
Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Separate from alkalies and oxidizing materials. /Chloronitrobenzenes/
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene incompatible materials
A strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with oxidizers, combustibles, alkalis, sodium methoxide, and reducing materials.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene reactivity
P-NITROCHLOROBENZENE reacts with oxidizing agents. Reacts violently and finally explosively when added to a solution of sodium methoxide in methanol. (NTP, 1992). Unstable when heated.
Source: CAMEO Chemicals
Planning storage for a mix of chemicals? Check 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene in the storage compatibility matrix →
11 · Questions
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene — frequently asked questions
What is the CAS number of 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene?
The CAS number of 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene is 100-00-5. Its EC number is 202-809-6.
What is the chemical formula of 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene?
The molecular formula of 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene is C6H4ClNO2 and its molecular weight is 157.55 g/mol.
What does a 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene label have to show?
Under CLP Annex VI the label for 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene carries the pictograms Skull and crossbones, Health hazard and Environment and the signal word is Danger.
Is 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene flammable?
CLP Annex VI assigns 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene no flammability hazard class. That is not a statement that it cannot burn: the harmonised list only records the hazards that were assessed for it. The flash point reported for it is 127.22 °C (261 °F) (HSDB).
Is 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene a carcinogen?
CLP Annex VI assigns 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene H351 — suspected of causing cancer. That is category 2: the evidence points that way but is not conclusive. IARC places it in Group 2B: possibly carcinogenic to humans.
What is the exposure limit for 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene?
The US occupational exposure limit reported for 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene is 1.0 [mg/m3] (Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases). Limits differ by country: the EU sets its own indicative and binding values, and the figure that applies at a given workplace is the one in the local regulation.
What is the boiling point of 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene?
The boiling point reported for 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene is 242 °C (467.6 °F), at 760 mmHg (HSDB).
What is the melting point of 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene?
The melting point reported for 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene is 83.33 °C (182 °F) (NIOSH).
How should 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene be stored?
Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Separate from alkalies and oxidizing materials. /Chloronitrobenzenes/ (Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB))
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